Chief Justice John Marshall
Alexandra Carl and Stephen Crouch
Marbury vs. Madison
Summary- Marbury was not given his appointment by Madison
Constitutional Principle- Judicial Review
Significance- Courts can declare laws unconstitutional
Fletcher vs. Peck
Summary-Georgia state legislature awarded territory to four companies. The next year the legislature voided the law and declared all rights and claims under it to be invalid. John Peck acquired part of the land then sold it to Robert Fletcher 3 years later claiming past sales of the land had been legitimate. Fletcher argued since the original sale of the land was invalid, Peck had no right to sell the land thus committing a breach of contract.
Constitutional Principle-Federalism
Significance-First case which Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional
Martin vs. Hunter Lesse
Summary-VA enacted legislation that gave the state the power to confiscate the property of Boston loyalists.
-Hunter was given land by the state.
-Martin held the land under devise forom Lord Thomas Fairfox
Constitutional Principle-Federalism
Significance-The U.S. Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction over state court decisions involving federal law.
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Summary- Maryland wanted to close the Baltimore branch of the National Bank by passing a law stating all banks created out of the state should pay a yearly tax. James McCullough refused to pay the tax and was sued by the state of Maryland.
Constitutional Principle- Federalism
Significance- Shows supremacy of the federal government over state.
Dartmouth College vs. Woodward
Summary- Issue over NH trying to change charter of the College.
Constitutional Principle- Federalism
Significance-Marshall says the charter was a contract
-"The Constitution protected contracts against state encroachments"
Cohens vs. Virginia
Summary- Congress authorized a lottery in Washington DC and the Cohen's brothers sold DC lottery tickets in Virginia, violating state law. State authorities tried and convicted the brothers then declared themselves the final arbiters of disputes between the states and the National Government.
Constitutional Principle- Federalism
Significance- State laws and constitution repugnant to the constitution and federal laws.
Work Cited
"APUSH Reivew: Key Court Cases Under John Marshall." YouTube. YouTube, 28 Mar. 2013. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-x2yOoAR03g>.
"Fletcher v. Peck – Case Brief Summary." Lawnix Free Case Briefs RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <http://www.lawnix.com/cases/fletcher-peck.html>.
"Landmark Cases of the U.S. Supreme Court." McCulloch v. Maryland. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <http://www.streetlaw.org/en/landmark/cases/mcculloch_v_maryland>.
"Martin v. Hunter's Lessee – Case Brief Summary." Lawnix Free Case Briefs RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <http://www.lawnix.com/cases/martin-hunters-lessee.html>.