How To Protect Against Tyranny
The Constitutional Way
Federalism
One way the constitution protects against tyranny is with federalism. It gives the state governments more local power towards the state, while the central government gets more general power towards the country, but does not get full control over the country due to the state governments. Also, federalism balances out the powers between the state and central governments so either governments can't take complete control. They both have powers that they share and they can change those powers.
Separation Of Powers
Another way the constitution protects against tyranny is the separation of powers. Separation of powers prevents against tyranny because each branch has the same amount of power. Separation of power prevents from one person taking control of the country and deciding every choice because there are three different branches to impeach the person if they are bad. Also, one person being in two branches at once would be a step towards tyranny. Each of the branches have different jobs and each job can't take over the country.
Some more ways...
Checks and Balances
Another way the constitution protects against tyranny is with the checks and balances. The checks and balances protects against tyranny by having each branch able to check each others powers, so no branch can take full control of the government. One way the legislative branch can check the power of the executive branch is that they can impeach the president if the president is being a bad president or if he/she is trying to take full control of the government. One way the executive branch can check the power of the judicial branch is that the president is able to nominate justices to the supreme court. One way the judicial branch checks the power of the legislative branch is that they can decide if a law is unconstitutional.
Larger States vs. Smaller Sates
Lastly the constitution protects against tyranny by the larger states not having more power over the smaller states. The larger states wanted the amount of representatives in congress to be based on the states population. But the smaller states wanted to have an equal amount of representatives in congress. In the end both of them got what they wanted basically, the larger states got proportional representation in the house of representatives and the smaller states got equal representation in the senate.