5th amendment
BY Timothy Austin
As it is in the constution
"No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation."
background of the amendment.
The right was created in reaction to the excesses of the Courts of star chamber.,and High Commission. also to protect peoples rights of being accused of crimes.
amendment in my words.
nobody can take away your rights, not without a trial first, you also can only be charged once per crime. plus you do not have to testify against your self.
surpreme court case, miranda vs ariozonia- 1966 background-
he is going to court for a crime of kidnapping and rape, he was sentenced to prison for 20 to 30 years. This was the first which also ended up in them saying he didn't break the fifth amendment.