Andrew Jackson
The Presidential Zero
Indian Removal Act
Jackson passed the Indian Removal Act to force Natives off their land and on to reservations in the west. The Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole were the five tribes affected by this act. All chose to move peacefully --- except the Cherokees. However, instead of war, they chose a more civilized way - court!
Worcester v. Georgia
In the court case Worcester v. Georgia (1832), Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall ruled the Cherokee Nation would remain in Georgia, and the federal government could not do anything about it. However, Andrew Jackson had his own idea. He went against the ruling (which is illegal), and sent troops into Georgia to remove the Natives from their land.
Trail of Tears
The name says it all! The Native Americans were no match for the harsh conditions they faced. Many died due to starvation, dehydration, fatigue, extreme temperatures - both hot and cold - sickness, disease, or lack of proper clothing and supplies. Approximately one out of every four Cherokees died during this trip.
Removal
White soldiers were sent to force Natives out of their homes and off their lands immediately. Many had no warning, and lacked an adequate amount of time to pack.
The Journey
Many Natives died due to starvation, dehydration, fatigue, extreme temperatures - both hot and cold - sickness, disease, or lack of proper clothing and supplies.
The Winter
The cold weather made traveling even harder, and many natives did not have the proper clothing or supplies.