IPS Exam Study Guide
This Contains Tests and Labs Only
Know It
- Lab Safety
- All the way to 3.8
Lab Safety
- Nurse phone extension: 2828
- Waft all liquids.
- Never use chipped glass.
- Hot and cold glass look the same...
- Roll up sleeves when using burners.
- Never walk away from a lit burner.
- Never point open end of a hot test tube at yourself or someone else.
- Do not look into a test tube/beaker while it is being heated.
- Make sure burner is capped and flame is out when done.
Scholar Reaction In The Bag Inquiry Demonstration and Lab Activity
Reaction In A Bag Lab
Red Liquid
- Phenol Red - Used as a PH indicator
- Substances with PH number below seven turn pink
- Substances with PH number over 8 turn yellow
- PH scale: 0-6 is acidic, 7 is neutral, 8-14 is basic / alkaline
- Calcium Chloride (Calcium + Chlorine)
- Mildly Acidic
- It is Hydrotropic - Attracted to water and absorbs water.
- Used in canned vegetables to help them stay fresh, used as an electrolyte in sports drinks, and it is used to flavor pickles.
- Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda)
- Not acidic (Basic)
- Used in baking, toothpaste, laundry detergent, and cat litter.
Chapter 1
Lab 1.1 Heating Baking Soda
Lab 1.1: Heating Baking Soda
- The gas in the inverted bottle came from the heated baking soda.
- The condensation comes from the hot vapor/gas touching the cooler top of the test tube. This turns the vapor/gas back into a liquid.
- The heated beaker is usually darker.
- The two substances are not the same. If they were the same, the color of the two test tubes would be the same.
- Control Group - Unheated test tube
- Experimental Group - Heated test tube
- Indicator - Tea. It shows you that the heated test tube isn't baking soda.
- Variable - Something you try to measure.
- Independent Variable - Temperature
- Dependent Variable - Color of the tea
- Control Factors - Same type of tea, same amount of tea, baking soda, temperature, stirring time, test tube size.
Lab 1-4 Measuring Volume By Displacement
Lab 1.4: Measuring Voume by Displacement of Water
To find the volume of sand alone
- Volume of sand and water minus (-) volume of water
To find volume of air space
- Volume of dry sand and air minus (-) Volume of sand alone
To find the fraction of sand that is air
- Air divided by (/) dry sand
Lab 1.8: The Sensitivity of a Balance
- Delta (∆) means change
- ∆M is the change in mass
- ∆V is change in volume
- ∆M divided by (/) # of yes's
To find the # of yes's
- Add up the # of times the mass of your object changed when it was massed repeatedly
To find ∆M
- Initial Mass (Mi) minus (-) Final Mass (Mf)
CH.1 TEST
- Know volume of sand and of boxes calculations
- Know sensitivity of balance formula
- Groups are given different amounts of sand to show that no matter how much sand there is there will still be about 40% of air space in the sand.
- Write units
- Round to proper place volume
- To find out if students made mistakes in their massings when you are given a chart, check the range (biggest #-smallest #) of the masses. If the range is bigger than the sensitivity of the balance, someone made a mistake.
- The sensitivity of our balances is 0-.02
- Know all errors
Chapter 2
Lab 2.1: Mass of Dissolved Salt
- When salt dissolves, the mass decreases.
- In this case, salt in a solid form weighs more than liquid salt.
Will melting ice cause water level to rise?
Lab 2.4: Ice Ice Baby
- Condensation on the bottle comes from the warm water vapor in the air (this is humidity).
- When the water vapor touched the cool surface on the bottle it turns from a gas to a liquid.
- The mass of ice decreases when it is melted
Lab 2.5: The Mass of Copper and Sulfur
Lab 2.5: The Mass of Copper and Sulfur
- The Mass of Copper and Sulfur decreases when it is heated.
Lab 2.6
- Alka seltzer is an antacide pain reliever that contains aspirin, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), and it produces gas.
- In this lab, when a solid and a liquid produce a gas the mass increases.
Ch. 2 Test
- Know all errors from labs
- Condensation will form on the outside of the bottle and freeze, which adds mass
- This happens when the temperature significantly drops in a closed environment/system
- Remember to write the units
- Know histograms
Chapter 3
Lab 3.2: Mass and Volume
- The substance affects the mass of an object
- Brass density is 8.5
- Aluminum density is 2.7
- Use grad. cyl to find volume of irregular shaped objects
Chemistry Lab - Density of Solids
Lab 3.5: Density of a Solid
- Cube 1 and the slab are aluminum
- Cube 2 is steel
- Rock is irregular shaped object, so it's volume is measured in the g. cyl
- The rocks are not all the same even though they are from the same rock because they are made of different materials/substances.
Lab 3.6: Density of a Liquid
- The densities indicate that they are different substances
- Liquid A is Magnesium Sulfate (density is around 1.15) (Epsom Salt)
- Liquid B is Water (density is 1.0)
- Magnesium Sulfate is used as a laxitant.
Density of a Gas.WMV
Lab 3.7: Density of a Gas
- The gas's density is so small that we have to express it in scientific notation (10 to the -3rd power)
- Gas is produced from Alka seltzer
Ch.3 Test
- Know all errors and calculations
- If someone forgets to include the foil for the Mf in the Density of a Gas lab the result is an increase in density and an increase in mass
- If you incorrectly insert the tubing in your bottle during the Density of a Gas lab the result an increase in density and a decrease in volume
- Know graphs