Mid Year Science Review
Chemistry,Earth History,Infectious Disease
Perodic Table
A table of the chemical elements put in order of atomic number. Usually in rows so that elements with similar atomic structure appear in vertical columns.
Atomic Number/ Atomic Mass
Atomic Number-It is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic Mass-The mass of an atom of a chemical element that is equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom.
Protons/Neutrons/Electrons
Groups/Periods
Groups-Columns (Up and down) of elements on the Periodic Table that share common properties.
Periods-The Periodic Table has 7 horizontal rows known as periods
Physical/Chemical Change
Physical Change-A change in matter in which no new substance is produced. It may involve a change of state, and it can usually be reversed
Chemical Change-A change in matter in which one or more new substances are produced. It is difficult to reserve.
Physical/Chemical Properties
Physical Change-Describes the physical characteristics of the substance
Chemical Properties- Describes how the substance reacts with other substances.
Solution
A solution is a homogeneous mixture. In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.
Elements/Compounds/Mixtures
Elements-Building blocks of matter made of atoms
Compounds-Substances formed when two or more elements chemically combine.
Mixtures-Combination of two or more different substances that is mixed but not combined
Law Of Conservation Of Mass
States that matter cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from state to state.
Solid,Liquid,Gas
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Earth History
Law of Superposition
The geologic principle that states that in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is older than the layer above it and younger then the one below it.
Relative/ Absolute Dating
Relative-The process of establishing the age of an object determine the number of years is has existed. It gives all actual number to the age.
Absolute-Exact day the rock was established.
Half Life
The length of time needed for half of the atoms of a radioactive isotope to decay.
Radioactive Dating
A technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, usually based on a comparison between the observed abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope and its decay products, using known decay rates.
Index Fossil
A fossil that is used to establish the age of the rock layers.
Ice Cores
Used to determine how Earths climate has changed over time.
Geologic Time Scale
A system of chronological measurement that relates historiography to time, and is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other Earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughout Earth's history.
Atom
Basic building blocks for all matter
Infectious Disease
Virus
An extremely small living thing that causes a disease and that spreads from one person or animal to another.
Bacteria
Microscopic living organism, sally one-celled, that can be found everywhere. They can be dangerous.
Fungi
A fungus is any member of a large group of Eukaryota organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
Parasite
An organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense.
Epidemic
Affecting or tending to affect a disproportionately large number of individuals withing a population
Pandemic
Occurring over a wide geographic area and affecting an exceptionally high proportion of the population
Preventing A Microorganism
Wash your hands
- Before preparing or eating food
- After coughing or sneezing
- After using the bathroom
- After changing a diaper
Treating A Microorganism
You can treat some by a shot and you can not treat some.