Animal Cells
Nerve Cells
What a Nerve Cell looks like:
Organelle Functions:
Nucleus:
The function of the nucleus would be to control most cell processes and contains the hereditary information of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid).
Nucleolus:
The area in which ribosomes are assembled.
Ribosomes:
Proteins are assembled on ribosomes. Ribosomes are small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.
Endoplamic Reiculum:
The site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. The ER is the organelle in which components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified.
Rough Endoplamic Reticulum :
Involved in the synthesis of proteins. Has this name because of the ribosomes that stud its surface.
Smooth Enoplamic Reticulum :
Does not have ribosomes on its surface. Contains collections of enzymes that perform specialized tasks, such as the synthesis of lipids.
Golgi:
Proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum move in to stack of membranes called the Golgi apparatus. Enzymes in the Golgi apparatus attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins.
Lysosome:
Small organelles filled with enzymes. They break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from food into particles that can be used by the rest of the cell.
Mitocondria:
Organelles that release energy from stored food molecules. Mitochondria use energy from food to make high-energy compounds that the cell can use to power growth, development, and movement.
Cell Membrane:
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also provides protection and support. The cell takes in water and food and eliminates wastes through the cell membrane.
Cytoskeleton:
Mediates movement by helping the cell move in its environment and mediating the movement of the cells components. Three main structural components: Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and micro tubules. A network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape. The cytoskeleton is also involved in many forms of cell movement.
Cytoplasm/Cytosol:
Bounded by the plasma membrane. The three major components are the cytosol, organelles, and cytoplasmic inclusions, of which the cytosol is the thick fluid where other cytoplasmic elements remain suspended.
Centrioles:
Located in the nucleus in the centrosome. Helps the cell when it comes to divide. They are put to work in both the process of mitosis and process of meiosis. Can be found near the nucleus but they cannot be seen when the cell is not dividing.
How are the organelles interrelated in the cell?
When the nucleolus produces proteins it is released through the nuclear envelope. The cytoskeleton helps to support the cell. Then the ER is where components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified. Then the cytoplasm contains the ER, ribosomes, Golgi and mitochondria.