Pipestone National Monument
By Mia Stertzer
Pipestone National Monument
Pipe Bowl
Source:
http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/cultural_diversity/Pipestone_National_Monument.html
Pipestone
Source:
http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2011/07/08/wander-minnesota-pipestone-national-monument/
Pipestone National Monument
Source:
https://lunalonestar.wordpress.com/2011/09/23/pipestone-national-monument-quarry-and-peace-pipes/
History
It took many years for Pipestone to become a national monument. In November 1929, the Daughters of American Revolution campaigned for the Pipestone Reservation to became a national park or monument. A few years later, in January 1932, representatives of civic, religious, and government agencies produced a legislative proposal for the quarry to become a national park. E.K. Burlew, administrative assistant to the U.S. Secretary of the Interior, traveled to Pipestone several months later and toured the reservation. His concern was whether the quarry had enough historical value to be considered as a national park. In October 1933, Winifred Bartlett, president of the Pipestone Indian Shrine Association, met with officials at the Office of Indian Affairs and staff of the National Park Service. She played a major role in encouraging this area to become a national monument. Following her visit, E.A. Hummel, a historian for the National Park Service, explored Pipestone and found the quarry to be valuable historically. He said it contained more Indian artifacts and tradition than any other region in the U.S. In August 1937, Congress passed legislation, and President Franklin Roosevelt signed this legislation into law, thus creating Pipestone National Monument.
Sources:
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/47/v47i03p082-092.pdf
Climate
Sources:
http://www.todaytourism.com/travel-guides/Climate-in-Pipestone-National-Monument.html
http://www.nps.gov/pipe/planyourvisit/weather.htm
http://www.outdoor.com/places/parks-and-monuments/pipestone-national-monument/
Association with Native Americans
Sources:
http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/cultural_diversity/Pipestone_National_Monument.html
Activities and Events
Sources:
Did You Know...
- ...pipestone can also be found in Barron County, WI; Tremper Mound, OH; Yavapai County, AZ; Northwestern Kansas; and Jefferson, Lake, and Lincoln Counties in Montana?
- ...pipestone is 12-17 feet below ground, and between layers of quartzite rock?
- ...there are more than 500 species of plants, including over 70 grass species, growing on Pipestone National Monument ground?
- ...Pipestone covers 283 acres?
- ...there are two endangered species at Pipestone National Monument: the Topeka Shiner and the Western Prairie Fringed Orchid?
- ...5,000 people visit Alibates Flint Quarries (National Monument) in Texas every year, compared to 60,000 to 100,000 who visit Pipestone National Monument?
Sources:
Quarry Pit
This is a quarry pit in Pipestone National Monument.
Source:
http://www.google.de/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fnr%2Ftravel%2Fcultural_diversity%2Fphotos%2FPipestone-Quarry-Pit.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fnr%2Ftravel%2Fcultural_diversity%2FPipestone_National_Monument.html&h=225&w=300&tbnid=_wmpwq1sdoCMJM%3A&zoom=1&docid=Fsw0iUe8GLd8TM&ei=lDo9Vf2UGYimgwTu9YFw&tbm=isch&iact=rc&uact=3&dur=569&page=1&start=0&ndsp=37&ved=0CCMQrQMwAAThe Three Maidens
These rocks, known as the Three Maidens, are sacred to the Native Americans in the area.
Source:
Map of Pipestone National Monument
Source:
Contact Information
Website: http://nps.gov/pipe
Location: 36 Reservation Avenue Pipestone, MN. 56164
Phone: 507-825-5464