Maria Montessori
Main ideas of her theory and links to SEN
Main ideas
- Children learn best by doing (constructivism).
- Order, communication and repetition drive children's behaviour during every developmental stage.
- The early years stage is where learning capacity is at its' greatest.
- There are 4 planes/stages of development:
2) 6 to 12 years: There are various physical, psychological and social changes in this age category such as loss of teeth, physical growth, socialization in groups, development of reasoning, imagination, intellectual independence and social organisation.
3) 12 to 18 years: Physical changes (adolescence/puberty), instability/difficulties in concentration, developing an idea of justice and personal dignity. Main point is the self-identification of the change from child to adult.
4) 18 to 24 years: She didn't find much development within this period as there is no set educational program.
- Learners learn best in a 'prepared environment' where targets are set but independence is encouraged using structured resources that are in proportion to the level of study and ability.
How her theory can be beneficial to children with SEN
- The very structured approach/environment has clear boundaries and so children have confidence in becoming independent without going wrong/outside of expectations because they can't.
- In Montessori schools having a mixed age class provides role models for those with additional needs who are more capable.
- Students work with materials rather than direct instruction which allows freedom in learning and allows sensory experiences.
References
Boongoo.com,. (2015). Retrieved 8 December 2015, from http://boongoo.com/data/photo/maria-montessori/maria-montessori-2.jpg
3.bp.blogspot.com,. (2015). Retrieved 8 December 2015, from http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dcyFjwLOybA/UsPakl_bhFI/AAAAAAAAEUg/PSMeIHjK0Cc/s1600/montessori+quote.png