Respiratory system of Arthropods
Crayfish and Grasshopper-PAP Bio- 3/14/14- Xiong, Lizi
Chorthippus brunneus
Grasshoppers are often confused with crickets, but are actually very different. The ovipositors have different structures and the antennae have different lengths. The differences between the orders occurred about 252 million years ago, in the Permian–Triassic extinction event.
Today's Objectives
Grasshopper Life Cycle
Habitat
Predators
Cladogram of Grasshopper
External Anatomy
Internal Anatomy
Ovary, Brain, Ganglia, Ventral Nerve Chord, Anus, Mouth, Gizzard, Midgut, Dorsal blood vessel. Trachea, oviduct, rectum, Gastric Ceca, Salivary Glands, Hearts, Hind gut, Malpighian Tubes, Crops, Intestines, Esophagus
Respiratory system
Respiratory system at a glance
10 pairs of spiracles (8 abdominal, 2 thoracic) are located on the side of the body. Fine hairs on the spiracles prevent foreign objects from entering and interfering. Also, valves open and close in response to conditions. The atria are small spaces that the spiracles are connected to, that develop into air tubes called the tracheae. A wall of cells surrounds the tracheae. A single layer of epithelial cells secrete thickening material to give support. Oxygen is inhaled through the first 4 spiracles and the last 6 spiracles release carbon-dioxide.
Thoracic spiracles: allow oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Tracheae: air filled tubes which open through pairs of spiracles
Tracheoles: carry oxygen throughout the body
The respiratory system is maintained by the nervous system.
Taxonomy
Human Impact
Cambarus genus
They belong to the kingdom Animalia under the phylum Arthropoda and subphylum Crustacea. The adult is characterized by a jointed body with a sandy yellow, green, or brown color. The eyes are mobile stalks. The common name "crayfish" originates in France, where they were known as "écrevisses".
Crayfish do indeed look like mini lobsters. In fact, the lobster and the crayfish are closely related. They are both taxonimcally under the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea.
Today's Objectives
Crayfish Life Cycle
Habitat
Predators
Evolution of Crayfish
External Anatomy
Antennule, Antenna, Cheliped, Walking Legs, Gills, Abdomen, Swimmerets.
Internal Anatomy
Encephalon, Stomach, Heart, Gonad, Extensor muscles, Anus, Flexor muscle, Digestive gland, Ganglion of ventral nerve cord, Ventral nerve cord, Maxilliped, Esophagus, Mandible, Mouth, Green gland, Eye
Respiratory system
Respiratory system at a glance
Gill: Filters water for oxygen
Carapace: Bony, chitinous shell; provides protection for gills
Water pouch: holds water so that crayfish has adequate air supply
Legs: Gills are attached to legs so that crayfish can breathe while walking
The respiratory system is closely linked to the nervous and muscular systems.
Basic Cladogram
Human Impact
When Hurricane Katrina hit Louisiana in 2005, the US lost $743,000 from 2004. The crayfish industry was heavily impacted by the hurricane. In 2009, exports were up to $224,000.