The Scientific Revolution
Tebrianne Jones
What was the change ?
The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the natural world. It was the based of cafeful obserration and willingness to question acceepted befliefs.Combiination of discoveries and circumstances led to Scientific Revolution. It was caused by the Renaissance which renewed interest in math,physics, and philosophy. The Geocentric Theory was in the middle ages ,the earth centeted view of the universe in which scholars belived that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe. People belived in it because christianity taught that god had deliberately placed the earth at the center of the universe.
Isaac Newton
Newton helped to bring together their breakthrough under a single theory of motion. He studied mathematics and physics at Cambridge University. When he was 26 he was certain that all physical objects were equally by the same forces. In 1687 Isaac published his ideas in a work called the Mathematical Principles of the Natural Philosophy. He explained the workings of the universe though mathematics.Isaac also formulated laws of motion and grantation the laws of math and explained how objects move when force acts on them.Newton belived that god was the the ceator of this orderly universe,the clockmaker who had set everything in motion.
Nicolaus Coperniscus
Renasissance mathematician and astronomer who forlmulated a heliocentric model of the universe which placed the sun in the middle rather the earth. In 1509, his only publication prior to the On the Revolutions (De revolutionibus). It is important to note that Copernicus's acquisition of a good reading knowledge of Greek was critical for his studies in astronomy because major works by Greek astronomers, including Ptolemy, had not yet been translated into Latin, the language of the universities at the time.
Galileo Galilei
He was a scientist who built on the new terories about astronomy. Galileo made his own telescope and used it to study the heavens in 1609.Few years later he published Starry Messenger,which described his astonishing observations. In 1616 the Catholic church warned him not to defend the ideas of Copernicus. He remained silent but he continued his studies.Then in 1632 he published another book called Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World System. The book presented the ideas of both Copernicus and Ptolemy, but it showed that he supported the Copernicus theory. So the pope told him to stand trial before the Inquisition. In 1633 Galileo was uner the threat of the torture and had to agree that the ideas of the Copernicus was false. He was never a free man again and he was uner house arrest and died in 1642. In 1992 the Catholic church officially acknowleded that Galileo had been right.
How did the scientific revolution impact European society?
The Scientific Revolution impact the Intellectually, Religiously, and Economically.Intellectually, the Scientific Revolution ushered in a new way of thinking, including the establishment of the Scientific Method. This method, which is actually a three step process ('Stop. Look. Listen'), became crucial to the efforts of intellectuals, European and otherwise, to discover more about the world around them. With these new tools at their disposal, European intellectuals were able to unlock the secrets of the nature, as well as the very universe itself. Among the most notable of the European intellectuals during the Scientific Revolution were Galileo, whose discoveries regarding our solar system still hold true today, and the noted scientist Marquis DeSade, whose studies of autoerotic asphyxiation became relevant to thousands of Europeans. The Scientific Revolution can be said to have definitively improved the lives of all European intellectuals. The religious world, however, was in turmoil. The new focus on science led to discoveries that seemed to contradict the bible, which was held to that point to be the literal word of god. There developed a great schism between followers of science, and those who held to their religious beliefs. During this time of turmoil, several new religious sects gained prominence, including Adventism and Scientology. The Scientific Revolution was a time of trials for many religious Europeans, and forever changed the way western society viewed the idea of an intelligent creator. Economically, many advances were made in Europe during this time. The Scientific Revolution led to the discovery of several technologies that became incredible helpful to the merchant class, including standardized currency, refillable gift cards, and receipt paper. These advancements made it far easier for European citizens to buy and sell products, and even to exchange gifts purchased at fine retail establishments. With more money changing hands between vendors and consumers, wealth began to be redistributed among the populace. In addition, the increases in tax revenues led to additional government expenditures, which in turn increased the quality of life for many European citizens.
How is that change evidenced in today’s modern society?
The most widely influential was an epistemological transformation that we call the scientific revolution. In the popular mind, we associate this revolution with natural science and technological change, but the scientific revolution was, in reality, a series of changes in the structure of European thought itself: systematic doubt, empirical and sensory verification, the abstraction of human knowledge into separate sciences, and the view that the world functions like a machine. These changes greatly changed the human experience of every other aspect of life, from individual life to the life of the group. This modification in world view can also be charted in painting, sculpture and architecture; you can see that people of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are looking at the world very differently.