Cell Organelles
By: Jack Edmonson
Cell Theory
1. All living things are composed of one or more cells
2. The cell is the most basic unit of life
3. All cells come from pre-existing, living cells.
Organelles
An organelle is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function. Organelles make up a cell with individual parts that work together to keep the cell alive and keep the organism going. Each organelle has a different job and they all must function properly to keep the cell going.
Plant Cells
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ from animal cells in that they have a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplast. Plant cells have a membrane bound nucleus and they are larger than animal cells.
Animal Cells
An animal cell is has lysosomes and plant cells do not. Animal cells are eukaryotic and they contain other membrane bound organelles. Animal cells are smaller than plant cells and they don't contain a cell wall, a large vacuole, or chloroplast. Animal cells contain small vacuoles.
Prokaryotic Cells
A Prokaryotic cell is a single-celled organism that lacks a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria or any other membrane-bound organelle. Some examples of prokaryotic cells would be bacteria and protozoans.
Eukaryotic Cells
A eukaryotic cell is a cell that contains a nucleus. Most eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound organelles such as mitochondria and the golgi apparatus. Some examples of a eukaryotic cell would be grass, pine trees, and potatoes.
Cell Wall
A cell wall is the outer layer of a plant cell. A cell wall protects the cell and only allows certain gases to pass in and out of the cell. A cell wall is stiff, rigid, and strong in order to protect the cell.
Cell Membrane
Both a plant and animal cell have a cell membrane. It is located inside the cell wall of a plant and as the outer layer of the animal cell. The cell membrane supports, protects, and controls movement of matter in and out of the cell.
Nucleus
Both a plant and animal cell have a nucleus. The nucleus is a large oval. A nucleus controls all cell activities and is like the brain of a cell.
Cytoplasm
You can find cytoplasm in both a plant and animal cell and it is a clear, think, jellylike substance, found inside the cell membrane. Cytoplasm supports and protects cell organelles.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Located in both plant and animal cells the E.R. carries matter through cells by way of tubes or membrane.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are located in both plant and animal cells and they produce protein for the cell. Ribosomes float around throughout the cell of they are attached to the E.R.
Vacuole
You can find a vacuole in both plant and animal cells. The vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste. You can find a few large vacuoles in a plant cell as well as a small vacuole in an animal cell.
Lysosome
Lysosomes are commonly found in animal cells. They are small and round. Lysosomes break down larger molecules into smaller molecules and digests old cell parts.
Chloroplast
Chloroplast are found in plant cells. They are oval shaped and usually contain chlorophyll. Chloroplast uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant cell through photosynthesis.
Mitochondria
The mitochondria is found in both plant and animal cells. The mitochondria generates most of the cell's energy is known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Body Organization
The body organization goes cells-tissue-organs-organ systems-organsims. This is the body is organized from least complex to most complex.
Golgi Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is found in both plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus stores protein and distributes it throughout the cell . You can find the Golgi apparatus in the cytoplasm of both plant and animal cells.