Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis
By: Melissa Moore
Cellular Respiration
Step 1: Glycolysis
------the breaking down of one glucose molecule into one pyruvate and 2 ATP molecules.
Step 2: Fermentation
------starts with the pyruvate and can either be changed into ethanol or lactate.
------releases CO2 but does not create ATP.
Step 3: Krebs cycle
------Acetyl-CoA joins a 4-carbon molecule creating a 6-carbon molecule
------The 6-carbon molecule then releases carbon creating 5-carbon molecule
------More carbon dioxide is released leaving a 4-carbon molecule, also creating ATP and NADH
------The old 4-carbon molecule is than changed into a new 4-carbon molecule. The electrons are then transferred to an electron acceptor called FAD creating a FADH+ molecule.
------The 4-carbon compound is than reused to start the Krebs Cycle
Step 4: Electron Transport Chain
------NADH and FADH2 pass through the electron transport chain
-------------in eukaryotes this is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
------this energy is used to pump hydrogen ions out of the inner membrane to the outer membrane
------They then diffuse back to the inner membrane through a carrier that adds a phosphate group to ADH making ATP.
------At the end of the ETC the hydrogen ions and spent electrons combine with oxygen molecules creating water molecules.
Cellular Respiration Equation
Photosynthesis
----The sunlight is captured in the plant
Stage 2:
----The light is then converted into chemical energy.
Stage 3:
----This energy powers the organic formation of glucose and oxygen, using carbon dioxide.