acids and bases
Matt Foltz
acid and bases model explained
Lewis model:The two theories can be reconciled by recognising that the proton, H+, is a unique and versatile Lewis acid that is the agent of Brønsted acidity.
strong and week acid/bases
Acids and bases may be very strong or weak. Strength refers to how well an acid or base separates into ions in water. In a strong acid, most of the molecules break up into solutions. In a weak acid, fewer molecules break up into ions.
A strong acid is an acid which ionizes almost completely when dissolved in water to produce a high concentration of hydrogen ions.
strong acids: Sulphuric acid, Hydrochloric acid ,Hybrobromic acid
strong bases: Lithium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide
weak acids: water Trichloroacetic Hydrofluoric
weak bases: water pyridine ammonia
acids and bases physical properties
how to tell if acid or base
reactions
Adding an acid to a base is an example of a chemical reaction, so we should expect to see new products. Although there is a pattern to this type of reaction, ultimately the products formed depend on what acid and what base are used.
measurements
for weak acids e.g. lemon juice you would use PH strips dip it in the acid then the strip will change to a certain color, you then hold this up against a color chart for the best match. However if your talking about stronger acids I believe you pass an electrical current through it a low PH which equates to it being acidic would give a positive conductivity a high PH which equates to it being alkaline would give a negative conductivity.
ph. range for acid 1 to7 and 8 to 14 for bases