Westward Expansion/Reform
Test Wednesday, March 5, 2014
Manifest Destiny becomes a reality with the Industrial Revolution and Political Vision
Erie Canal: Water Super Highway
Oregon Trail: Highway to the West
Basic Facts About the Oregon Trail
During eight decades in the 1800s the Oregon Trail served as a natural corridor as the United States moved from the eastern half of the continent toward the west coast. The Oregon Trail ran approximately 2,000 miles west from Missouri toward the Rocky Mountains to the Willamette Valley. A trail to California branched off in southern Idaho. The Mormon Trail paralleled much of the Oregon Trail, connecting Council Bluffs to Salt Lake City.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
National Historic Oregon
Trail Interpretive Center
Transcontinental Railroad: The Iron Horse
Reform: Looks Like Things Are Going to Change Around Here, So Get Ready
Review Your Reform Movement Notes
Prison Reform-Dorthea Dix, Hospitals for the mentally ill
Education Reform-Horace Mann, education for everyone?
Women's Rights-Susan B Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Suffrage, Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments
Labor Reform- Unions, Lowell Mill Girls, Child Labor Laws
Abolitionists- Abolish Slavery, Fredrick Douglas, Harriet Tubman, Uncle Tom's Cabin (Harriet Beecher Stowe), William Lloyd Garrison (The Abolitionists Movement appeals to women and leads them to their own push for Women's Rights)
The Second Great Awakening- Protestant, Revival Meetings, "You must find your salvation"
Transcendentalism- Inner Light
Literature/Poetry- Nathaniel Hawthorn, Edgar Allan Poe, Walt Whitman, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, The Scarlet Letter
Artists- Hudson River School Artists, John James Adubon
Protest- Civil Disobedience- Henry David Thoreau, Quakers (pacifism)
Industrialization
Industrial Revolution continues to bring change
McCormics's Reaper & Steel Plow- Farming is easier, requires fewer farm hands, crop production rises.
Factories in the North- Production of manufactured goods becomes easier and cheaper, immigrant labor (Famine in Ireland brings Irish immigrants to US between 1845-1850), urbanization, growing urban middle class, abundant water resources as a source of power and transportation, factories, railroads (Chinese labor builds Transcontinental Railroad then the Chinese Exclusion Acts end all Chinese Immigration to the US), canals, Labor Reform, Unions.
Agriculture in the South- (Plantation Economy) Cash Crops (Cotton) are in great demand, Cotton Gin expands the production ability of southern Plantation Owners (they become VERY wealthy), Slavery expands to meet the need for cotton.
Manifest Destiny Fulfilled
Westward Movement & Land Aquisitions
Land Acquisitions- Annexation of Texas, Oregon Territory, Mexican Cession, Gadsden Treaty
Gold in California- 49ers
Communication and Transportation Improvements- Samuel Morse- Telegraph, Expanding Railroads, Erie Canal, Steam Boat
Moving West- Groups move West for opportunity (Mormon Settlers, 49ers, Farmers, Pioneer Women, Cowboys). They battle nature (Donner Party), unforeseen hardships, as well as native cultures who are being moved Westward through the Indian Removal act.