Acids & Bases
Acids:
Characteristics:
-taste sour
-have a pH of less than 7
-are electrolytes
-react with active metals to produce hydrogen
Examples:
-Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
-Nitric Acid (HNO3)
-Hydrobromic Acid (HBr)
pH:
-The pH of an acids range from 0 to 7
Strong and Weak Acids:
-Sulfuric acid is a strong acid which has a pH of .3
-Hypochlorous acid is a weak acid which has a pH of 6.5
Bases:
Characteristics:
-taste bitter
-feel slippery
-have a pH greater than 7
-are electrolytes
-neutralize acids producing salt and water
Examples:
-Lithium hydroxide (LiOH)
-Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
-Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
pH:
-The pH of bases range from 7 to 14
Strong and Weak Bases:
-Lithium hydroxide is a strong base.
-Ammonia is an example of a weak base.
What does it mean to have a pH of 7?
Having a pH of 7 means that the acids/bases are neutral.