The Nervous& Reproductive System
By: Cynthia Segura
---Nervous---
Function
The nervous system is made of nerves and neurons which focus on sending messages throughout the body. This system is in charge of our reactions and how we are able to respond to certain situations.The nervous system is broken down into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Central is made of the major organs and the peripheral is composed of all of the cells and neurons. In addition, the nervous system is divided into 2 subdivisions. Our body perform actions voluntary, meaning just naturally, including blood flow. Our body also acts involuntary which means WE control the action.
Define & list major parts of each.
- Central Nervous System: The Central System controls the actions of our body
- spine- support and transmitter
- brain- Controls every action of your body
- nerves- send signals
- Peripheral Nervous System: The Peripheral Nervous System is the nervous system in charge of what happens outside the brain
- sensory neurons- detectors
- ganglia- group of neurons
- nerves- send signals throughout body
Motor Neuron
Simple reflex arc
Its elements explained: The elements include the effector, sensory neuron,receptor,motor neuron, and integration center. The effector consists of the actual muscles and glands.The sensory transmits the impulse. The receptor responds to the stimulus and and initiate impulse.The motor neuron efferent impulses from integration center to receptor. The integration center sensory impulses to motor impulses.
Major regions
functions of the major regions of the cerebral hemispheres,diencephalon, brain stem and cerebellum: The cerebral hemispheres are found on the left/right front ends of the brain stem and control activity of lower levels, controlling behavior. The diencephalon is the posterior part of the forebrain and links the nervous system to the endocrine system through the pituitary.The brain stem is the central trunk of the brain and controls regulation like heart rate and eating. Lastly, the cerebellum is the part of the brain at the back of the skull that controls coordination.
Disorders (signs,treat,describe)
Disorders in this system are very common. 2 very common disorders include Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. Alzheimer's effects more than 3 million people a year in the united states, while Parkinson's can range from 200,000 to 3 million as well. Alzheimer's is a disease that involves memory loss and brain functions, as well as knowledge of previous memories/events/information. This disorder has symptoms including depression, mood swings ,memory loss, and problems with directions.It can be treated and supported with medication and attention.Parkinson's is a disorder, found the central nervous system, that causes problem with movement. it can treated with medication and attention as well. Some symptoms include tremor,sleeping problems, anxiety, and weakness.
---Reproductive---
What does it do?
The reproductive system is the explanation of why we are all here and keep growing as a population. It is made up of organs and glands that work together,as a system, to allow for the reproduction of a species. The reproduction system type depends if you are either male or female. If your a male, the male reproductive system is made up mainly of the testes where sperm is created. The testes regulate sperm temperature. The male's system focuses on making,maintaining, and supporting the sperm and semen for sexual reproduction. If your a female, your system's function is to be a reciprocal for semen and the ovaries producing female eggs. In addition, these eggs are taken through the fallopian tube to allow fertilization by sperm: this is where we form.
Female Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System
Spermatogenesis vs Oogenesis
Disorders (signs,treat
One of the most common disorders for the female is a Vaginal Yeast Infection. This disorder is when too many yeast cells , a fungus, are living in the vagina. Some symptoms include itching, burning during urination, and pain during sex. It is found in 75% of women at least one time during their lifetime. It can be treated with many different options, the most common being medication to kill the majority of the fungus. The next disorders is found only in males and is much more less common. Penile Cancer, found in men usually over the age of 40 and 9 out of 10 will live over 5 years with it, is cancer that reaches or is found at the head of the penis. Treatment includes surgery,medication, and attention. The most common symptoms include unpleasant smells,bleeding,pain during urination and sex.
Spermatogenesis.
Spermatogenesis is the making of sperm from immature germ cells found in the make reproductive system testes. A diploid male germ cell grows and goes under the 1st step in meosis which forms 2 daughter haploid cells.Those cells them go into meiosis 2 and form 2 other cells.Basically, the original diploid makes 4 haploid spermatids that turn into sperm in this process.
Oogenesis. Why is there an unequal division of cytoplasm?
Oogenesis is the making of a mature ovum in the female reproductive system ovaries. A diploid mother cell is transformed into a diploid cell and becomes larger.The mother cell goes under meiosis 1 and forms 2 unequal daughter cells. The larger cell goes through meiosis 2. The reason for unequal division is because only one cell can survive and produce a single ovum where 2 or 3 polar bodies can grow.