Human Sexual Reproduction
Joseph Bullock
Sexual Reproduction
The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types of sexes and produce the first cell of a new organism. Sexual reproduction is important to the survival of species because the species would die out without it.
Functions of The Female Reproductive System
- Produce ovary.
- Pathway for sperm to reach egg.
- Prepares females body to nourish a developing embryo.
- Female gametes.
Female Reproductive Terms
Egg cells are produces in ovaries.
Ovulation - One mature egg cell released from 1 ovary each month.
Oviduct/fallopian tubes - Long tubular structure egg passes through the ovaries to the uterus.
Uterus - Pear-shaped, muscular organ where the embryo grows.
Vagina - Made up of muscular tissue and the birth canal.
Summary of Female Menstrual Cycle
In the menstrual cycle, an egg is developed and released from an ovary. The uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg. Once fertilized it is implanted in the uterus and embryonic development begins. During the ovulation phase, the hypothalamus sends a large amount, releasing hormone to the pituitary gland. Menstruation is a tissue with blood and unfertilized egg that are discharged through the vagina.
Male Reproductive System Terms
Testes - The sperm cell formation.
Sperm - Highly specialized cells that are able to move.
Semen - Sperm and fluids such as fructose.
Penis - Structure that has evolved to deposit sperm safely within females reproductive tract.
Parts of Human Sperm
Head - Contains genetic information.
Mid-piece - Contains mitochondria which gives energy.
Tail - To propel the sperm cell.
Importance of hormones to the Reproductive Process
Progesterone and estrogen are produced from the ovaries. The testes produce testosterone, the main male hormone. The effects include development of the male sex organs before and after birth.
Embryonic Development
Human embryo development begins at fertilization. Fertilization triggers the completion of meiosis 2 in the oocyte and subsequent fusion of the haploid male and female pro nuclei in the zygote.
Factors That Cause Risk To A Developing Embryo
- Smoking.
- Drugs.
- Premature Birth.
- Low & high weight.
- Bacterial infection.
- Poor nutrition.
- Umbilical cord problems.
- & MORE.
Functions of Male Reproductive System
- Deposit sperm cells it produces inside the females reproductive tract.
- Male gametes.
- Removal of urine.