IPS Exam Review
Marvis Gutierrez
Substances
REACTION IN A BAG
The Red Liquid (Phenol Red)
Calcium Chloride (Solid A)–It's hydrotropic, which absorbs and is attracted to water
–Uses:
- Canned Veggies (keeps from getting muddy)
- Electrolytes in Sports Drinks
- Flavor Pickles (the salty flavor)
Sodium Bicarbonate (Solid B)
–Otherwise known as baking soda–Uses:
- Baking
- Toothpaste
- Detergent and Cleaners
OTHERS
Condensation
-Comes from warm water vapor in the air (humidity), when in touches the cool surface of the bottle it turns from a gas to a liquid.
Copper Sulphide (The Mass of Copper = Sulfur)
-Sulfur bonds with the copper and forms this substance when the yellow smoke cools.
REACTIONS
- If (A + Liquid) is combined, it produces an exothermic reaction (hot)
- If (B + Liquid) is combined, it produces an endothermic reaction (cold)
- If (A + B + Liquid) is combined, it produces a gas
Terms
(CONTROL GROUP-FACTORS : APPLIES TO HEATING BAKING SODA)
–Experiment Group: the heated tube
–Indicator: the Publix tea
–Variable (a category you try to measure):
- Independant: the temperature (burner). it causes a change in the dependant
- Dependant: the color of the tea
- Same type of tea
- Same amount of baking soda
- Same amount of tea
- Same size of the testing tube
- In a closed system, mass will remain constant, regardless of the actions of the processes inside the closed system.
- The lightest mass that you can expect the balance to pick up.
Formulas and Measurements
Volume = cm3 ; Mass = g ; Density = g/cm3
l x w x h = Volume
M/V (mass over volume) = Density
Sensitivity of a Balance (Sensitivity of a Balance Lab) = Change in Mass/Number of Yes
1 cm3 = 0.1 m
1m = 100 cm3
1 mL = 1 cm3
1 k = 1,000 g
1kg = 2.2 lbs
*Errors*
REACTION IN A BAG
- Hole in the bag - wouldn't know gas was being produced.
HEATING BAKING SODA
- A hole in tubing (won't see the gas fill the bottle)
- Stopper isn't snug (won't see the gas fill the bottle)
- Didn't rinse stirring rod before using it in the beginning (messes up color)
- The sand could stick to the sides of the wet cylinder (sand and water v. would be too low).
- You pour the water into the sand (cant find the air pocket volume)
SENSITIVITY OF A BALANCE
- Some lead is on the edges of the groups of paper squares - adding mass
- You cut some of the paper squares too short - lessening mass
THE MASS OF DISSOLVED SALT
- Clean the pan between mass initial and mass final
- Outside of the bottle is wet during the mass initial
- Not drying of the cap
- Remove the cap before the mass final
- not shaking long enough
- Cap not on tightly
- Spill salt when pouring it into the pottle.
ICE ICE BABY
- Not wiping off the condensation
- Bottle is wet during the mass initial
- Shaking the bottle
THE MASS OF COPPER AND SULFUR
- Rubber sheet has a hole
- Sheet is not tight on the test tube
- Sulfur sticks to the side of the test tube
- Clean the pan between the mass initial and mass final
THE MASS OF A GAS
- Cap is not tight or not quick enough (leaks out, decrease)
- Water in pan during the mi
- Cap is wet during the mi
- Touch the tablet after the mi
- Cylinder is wet when you mass (adds mass)
- Water splashes out of a graduated cylinder (volume less)
- Mass/volume same cylinder twice
DENSITY OF A GAS
- Find the volume of a rock before mass (mass increase, density increase)
- Paint chipped off object (mass decrease)
- Measuring same side twice
DENSITY OF A LIQUID
- Not rinsing out cylinder b/w substances
- Don't re-mass cylinder for first mass
- Outside of cylinder is wet during the mass
- Dry out cylinder after massing
DENSITY OF A GAS
- Not putting the foil back for mf
- Touch the tablet after mi (mass decrease, density decrease)
- Break surface of H2O bottle (volume decrease, density increase)
- Not having the stopper on tight
- Spilling H20 - find volume of bottle
Mass of a Penny
-1943–made of steel and zinc
- Copper was need for bullets in WWII
- a 1943 copper penny is sold for $82,500.
- 95% Copper
- 5% Zinc
- 2.5% Copper
- 97.5% Zinc
Test Questions
TEST #1
Five IPS scholars use the same single-pan balance to mass their friends ring. None knew the results of the others. Their results are listed in the table below:- 1 - 3.752
- 2 - 3.755
- 3 - 3.715
- 4 - 3.756
- 5 - 3.760
- The range is 0.045 and it's supposed to be between 0.01 - 0.02.
TEST #2
- In all Four Experiments from Chapter 2 the common theme involved investigating changes in mass of different states of matter. You now know that in all the labs there should be no change in mass because:
- Law on Conservation of Mass
TEST #3
-When finding the density of a liquid the most accurate thing to do is..
- none of the above
- less gas to collect the bottle
- volume decrease, density increase
- Magnesium Sulfate