Neurological research.
What this means for the state of your health.
Neuron
neuron.
The foundation of the nervous system are Neurons. Neurons are made up of the nucleus (the brain of the neuron) and long fibers that are held together by connective tissue. These fibers are responsible to carry out information to the axon. The axon then carries the information with electrical impulse away from the cells.
Anatomy of Neurons and Glia
The two cells that make up the nervous system are the neurons and glia. Neurons receive information and transmit it to other cells. Gila have many jobs like to function primarily as the physical support for neurons and to maintain the internal environment of the brain, especially the fluid surrounding neurons and their synapses.
Three stages of Neron conditioning and the processing of information by nervous systems.
Integration: In the CNS, interneuron analyze and interpret the sensory input taking into account the immediate context and what happened in the past. The CNS then decides how to respond.
Environment of out external world is processed by our sensory Input. Sensory neurons transmit information from external stimuli (light, sound, touch, heat, smell, and taste) and internal conditions like our blood pressure for example.
These out puts are called Motor Output because the information leaves the central motor system and signals the muscle cells or endocrine glands.
What are Neurotransmitters?
A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that carries, boosts and modulates signals between neurons and other cells in the body. Neurotransmitter is released from the axon. The neurotransmitter then crosses the synaptic gap to reach the receptor site of the other cell . Then the neurotransmitter attaches to the receptor site and is reabsorbed by the neuron.
Pain and substance abuse.
Pain alone can impair the over all well being of a person. Pain must be taken seriously. Addiction professionals can contribute valuable perspective and skills to the care for patients by helping the to understanding of pain’s mechanisms, how to manage it and the interrelationships with substance use.
The Prevalence of Pain is world wide, basically everyone experiences moderate to severe acute pain at some time, most often in association with surgical procedures, medical conditions, or physical trauma. Untreated acute pain causes unnecessary suffering, prolongs hospital stays, increases medical costs, and may progress to chronic pain ( Young Casey et al.2008) Epidemiological studies indicate that more than 50 million Americans are experiencing chronic pain at any given time. Chronic pain decreases quality of life and work productivity, and the societal costs of untreated chronic pain are high (Collins et al.2005; McMcarberg and billing ton, 2006).
Substance use problems because of pain can be a lifetime prevalence of alcohol and opit abuse disorders in the U.S. About 8 percent of Americans aged 12 and older report use of an illicit substance within the past month (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration {Samhsa}, 2007) Substance use disorders are significantly more common in many medical populations and, for example 19 to 26 percent among hospitalized patients (e.g.,Berms et al ,2002) , 40 to 60 percent among persons sustaining major trauma (Heinemann et al,1988; Norman et al , 207), and 5 to 67 percent among persons being treated for depression (Sullivan et al. 2005. Because the same populations are at high risk for experiencing acute and chronic pain, the prevalence of substance use problems among persons treated for pain is high.