Golden Age of Greece
Ch 5
<<<<< Build Up: Persian War >>>>>
Athenian Leader: Pericles
Parthenon
<<<<<<<< Greek Arts >>>>>>>>
Sculptors
Myron
Phidas
Praxiteles
------- Drama and Theater------
Tragedies >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Comedy ------------------------------------------
Satire --> Usually focused on mocking rulers/officials
Impact: provided an outlet for the people to make fun of political leaders
The Olympic Games
Main Event: Pentathlon
IMPACT:
- Brought Greeks together
- halted all fighting
- demonstrated their focus on physical perfections
----------------- GREEK MIND -----------------
Sophists
- criticized by Socrates and Plato
<<<< Big 3 Philosophers >>>>
Socrates
Absolute Truth
Plato
The Republic: more importance to the state than the individual, preferred Spartan gov to Athenian Democracy; Distrusted lower classes, only educated, intelligent people should rule
Rejected the senses
Believed in the "ideal form" understood through logical thought & reasoning
Aristotle
Syllogism (presenting an argument through logic)
Science: use the senses for observation, Earth is the center of the solar system
Gov: analyzed pros/cons; ideal is a balance between monarchy/aristocracy/democracy; power to the middle class
<<<<<<< Writers >>>>>>>
Herodotus
historian but greatly exaggerated and didn't really focus on facts
Impact:
- We learn a lot about Greek culture and history from him (if even in a vague sense)
Thucydides
Focused on accuracy and facts using eye witnesses and first hand experience as a general
Answered the questions:
What makes nations go to war?
How can politics elevate pr poison a society?
What is the measure of a great leader or a great democracy?
<<<<< Scientists >>>>>
Thales
water is the basic substance of everything
Pythagoras
basis for geometry
Pythagorean Theorem
World is Round & revolved around a fixed point
Hippocrates
Hygiene: proper health care, sound diet and plenty of rest
Peloponnesian War
Alexander the Great
Hellenistic Culture
Zeno (Stoicism)
founded Stoicism: what happened to people was governed by natural laws
reasoning > emotion = happiness
Diogenes (Cynic)
happiness= giving up luxuries
Epicurus (Epicureanism)
Eratosthenes (Science)
Euclid (Math)
Archimedes
discovered principle of buoyancy
demonstrated the lever