Psychologist
wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt is famous for founding experimental psychology, establishing the first experimental psychology laboratory, and training several generations of important American and European psychologists. Wundt was born on August 16, 1832, in Neckarau, Germany. He was the youngest of four children born to a Lutheran minister and his wife. As a child, Wundt was very lonely, and spent much of his time as a companion to a retarded boy. Wundt was an indifferent student who daydreamed a lot and earned poor grades. One school he attended suggested that he drop out and become a mailman. He ultimately graduated from high school, but with a poor record. He went to medical school at the University of Tubingen for a year but did not do well. After his father died, Wundt finally realized that he had to change his ways or he would not finish medical school. In an amazing turnaround, he enrolled at the medical school at Heidelberg, studied hard, received his M.D., and in 1855 received the highest scores in the state medical examinations.
1.What is Wilhelm wundt contributions?His contributions were very simple and he is known as the father of experimenal psychology. He established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1881.
2.Wilhel Wundt is best known for:
The establishment of the first psychology lab
3.What was Wilhelm Wundt? Wundt was a philosopher and physiologist.
4.Wilhelm Wundt was born? August 16,1832
5. when did he die?August 31, 1920
Edward Titchener
In addition to his career as a distinguished and much-loved professor, Titchener served as the editor of several important journals including Mind, Studies from the Department of Psychology of Cornell University, and the American Journal of Psychology. He also published several important psychology texts including Outline of Psychology (1897) and his four-volume Experimental Psychology (1901-1905).
1. What are the contributions of Edward Titchener to psychology? Funtionalism and Structuralism
2. Best known for? Experimental Psychology
3. what was edward titchener? British psychologist
4. edward titchener was born? January 11, 1867
5.edward titchener died? August 3, 1927
william james
1.often called? the father of American psychology
2.best known for? Pragmatism and Functionalism
3. what was William james? American philosopher and psychologist who was also trained as a physician.
4.born?January 11, 1842
5.Died?August 26, 1910
Mary Calkins
1. What was Mary Calkins? an American philosopher and psychologist
2.Calkins also the first?woman to become president of the American Psychological Association
3.known as?APA’s first woman president
4.Born?March 30, 1863
5.Died?February 26, 1930
Maragaret Floy Washburn
Margaret Floy Washburn was an early 20th century psychologist who conducted extensive research on animal behavior and motor development. She was the first woman to earn a PhD in psychology. Margaret Floy Washburn was born in New York City on July 25, 1871. She began college at the age of 16 and soon became a member of the Kappa Alpha Theta Sorority at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. When she graduated from Vassar in 1891, she wanted to study at Columbia University. At that time, women weren't generally permitted in graduate programs; Washburn was permitted to sit in on classes at Columbia as an observer. She went on to attend the Sage School of Philosophy at Cornell to work with experimental psychologist E.B. Titchener, who founded the theory of psychological structuralism. Washburn was responsible for all experiments and research. She earned her master’s degree in 1893, and one year later, she made history as the first woman to earn a PhD in psychology. As one of the earliest women to enter the field of psychology, Washburn served as evidence that women could effectively contribute to the field. She extensively studied animal behavior and argued that animals' mental states should be studied alongside their behavior. She outlined these arguments in her 1908 book, The Animal Mind. The book was widely popular and heavily researched, outlining numerous experiments in animal psychology, consciousness, and behavior. Unlike some of her contemporaries, who focused primarily on rodents, Washburn examined the behavior of over 100 different animal species.
1. what was Maragaret Floy Washburn?leading American psychologist in the early 20th century
2.best known for?experimental work in animal behavior and motor theory development.
3.went to what two colleges? Vassar College, Cornell University
4.born?July 25, 1871
5.died? October 29, 1939
john B. watson and rosalie rayner
Experimental work had been done so far on only one child, Albert B. This infant was reared almost from birth in a hospital environment; his mother was a wet nurse in the Harriet Lane Home for Invalid Children. Albert's life was normal: he was healthy from birth and one of the best developed youngsters ever brought to the hospital, weighing twenty-one pounds at nine months of age. He was on the whole stolid and unemotional. His stability was one of the principal reasons for using him as a subject in this test. We felt that we could do him relatively little harm by carrying out such experiments.
1. best known for? the little Albert experiment
2.rosalie rayner college? Vassar college
3.john B. watson college? Muskingum University
4.born? rayner: September 25, 1898 watson: January 9,1878
5.died? rayner: June 18, 1935 Watson: September 25, 1958
B.F. Skinner
At Harvard, B.F. Skinner looked for a more objective and measured way to study behavior. He developed what he called an operant conditioning apparatus to do this, which became better known as the Skinner box. With this device, Skinner could study an animal interacting with its environment. He first studied rats in his experiments, seeing how the rodents discovered and used to a level in the box, which dispensed food at varying intervals.Later, Skinner examined what behavior patterns developed in pigeons using the box. The pigeons pecked at a disc to gain access to food. From these studies, Skinner came to the conclusion that some form of reinforcement was crucial in learning new behaviors.
1. what was B.F. Skinner? psychologist
2.best known for? developing the theory of radical behaviorism
3. B.F. Skinner college? Harvard University, Hamilton college
4.born?March 20, 1904
5.Died?August 18, 1990
Sigmund Freud
1.Sigmund Freud College? University of Vienna
2. was the founder of? psychoanalysis
3.was the oldest of how many children? 8
4.Freud's daughter was also a famous? Psychologist
5.died? September 23, 1939