Cheif Justice John Marshall
Supreme Court Cases
Marbury V.S Madison
-1803
-"Midnight Judge" Marbury (Federalist) was not given his appointment by Madison
-established the principle of Judicial Review
supreme court can declare laws constitutional or unconstitutional
McCulloch V.S Maryland
-1819
-Dealt with the 2nd BUS
-Maryland taxed the BUS, hoping to destroy it
Significance
-supreme court sides against Maryland
-BUS is constitutional
Dartmouth College V.S Woodward
-1819
-Issue over NH trying to change charter of the college
Significance
-Marshall says the charter was a contract
-" the constitution protected contracts against state encroachments
Flecher V.S Peck
-1810
-court decided that a grant to a private land company could be considered a contract under the contract clause of the constitution
-Georgia legislature granted approximately 35 million acres of state land to different private speculators at 1.5 cents per acre
-later they found that every legislature except one who voted was bribed
Martin V.S Hunters Lesse
-1816
-first case to assert ultimate supreme court authority over state courts in civil matters of federal law.
-Virginia legislator voided the land grant given to Denny Martin by his uncle and transferred the land back to Virginia
Virginia granted a portion of this land to David Hunter
-The Court rejected the claim that Virginia and the national government were equal sovereigns
Cohens V.S Virginia
-1821
-The Cohen brothers proceeded to sell D.C. lottery tickets in the state of Virginia, violating state law
-State authorities tried and convicted the Cohen's
-declared themselves to be the final arbiters of disputes between the states and the national government
-the Court held that the Supreme Court had jurisdiction to review state criminal proceedings