SPANISH SOCIETY IN 19th CENTURY
Economic and social transformations were very slowly.
ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIALISATION
Industrial Revolution was late and slow arrived in Basque Country, Catalonia and the large cities.Most of population still worked with underdeveloped technology. Modern forms of transport did not appear until the second half of the century.
SOCIETY
Bourgeoisie became rich and also became the dominant social class. Industrial Revolution brought serious social problems harsh working conditions, child exploitation in factories.In rural areas, peasants lived in extreme poverty. Were the reason for the political demands.
ART AND CULTURE
The majority of the population was illiterate.
Romanticism
At the beginning of the century, reflected the revolutionary atmosphere.
REALISM
In the middle of the century, writers and painters decided to show disadvantaged aspects of the industrial society.
IMPRESSSIONISM
At the end of the century, painters were influenced by technological advances reflected on their work.
GENERATION OF 98
A group of writers and intelectuals who criticised Spanish society and called for the modernisation of the country.
SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES
Several researches archieved scientific advances, Ramón y Cajal received the first Nobel Prize for Science.
Wealth became the basis for new social classes, bourgeoisie, were the upper class. They lived in well-kept, modern neighbourhoods.
Steam locomotive and steamship became forms of transport. First train line, between Barcelona and Mataró, was not opened until 1848.
The coal burnt by factories and transport caused serious pollution.
Cities had poor neighbourhoods extremely bad living conditions. Poorest lower classes, like factory workers.