The Bills of Rights
U.S. History, 5th Period, Aaron Herrera
What are the Bill of Rights?
First Amendment: The Right to free speech, religion, and press
Court Case: Ramos vs. Town of Vernon
In 2003 the town of Vernon, Connecticut declared a curfew to decrease crime and victimization. Curfew was declared unconstitutional. Town argued that if it was to help public safety but failed to prove crimes being an issue.
Second Amendment: The right to bear arms
Court Case: Bliss vs. Common Wealth
The Case, Bliss vs. Common Wealth, was the first major court ruling over the right to keep and bear arms for personal use.
Third Amendment: The right to privacy in a home
Court Case; Nevada vs. Henderson
Henderson claimed his rights were violated by the police of the 3rd amendment. Not clear that police would be considered "soldiers" under the 3rd amendment so court rejected idea.
Fourth Amendment: Unreasonable search and seizure
Court Case: Arizona vs. Evans
Court decided to extend the good faith rules in the case allowed the evidence.
Fifth Amendment: Double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and due process of the law
Court Case: Barron vs. Baltimore
City of Baltimore didn't have to pay for damages done to private property during construction. Decision based on that the Bill of Rights didn't extend to the states.
Sixth Amendment: The rights of the accused in criminal cases
Court Case: Barter vs. Wingo
Brought to Supreme Court in 1972 court ruled Barker's right to a speedy trial wasn't violated. He didn't demand rights until 7 years later. Justices concluded that a set amount of time couldn't be applied to the term "speedy trial."
Seventh Amendment: The right to a jury trial
Court Case: Rovario vs. United States
Eighth Amendment: Preventing cruel and unusual punishment
Court Case: Gregg vs. Georgia
Ninth Amendment: Rights retained by the people
Court Case: Roe vs. Wade
Tenth Amendment: Limiting federal powers
Court Case: Hammer vs. Dagenhart