John Marshall Trials
By: Logan Speicher
Fletcher vs. Peck
1810
-This case hinted that the Native Americans did not hold title to their own lands.
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-This was significant because it was the first case in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional.
Martin vs. Hunter
1816
-This case was significant because It was the first case to assert ultimate Supreme Court authority over state rights in civil matters of federal law .
Cohens vs. Virginia
1821
-The main issue in the case was the issue of whether the Supreme Court had jurisdiction to hear an appeal in a criminal case decided by the courts of the state of Virginia.
-This cases main problem was the Cohen brothers continuously selling lottery tickets when they were not supposed to be.
McCullogh vs. Maryland
1819
-The state of Maryland tried to impede operation of the second bank by taxing all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland.
-This case was significant because it established two important principles in constitutional law. First, the Constitution grants to Congress implied powers for implementing the Constitution's express powers, in order to create a functional national government. Second, state action may not impede valid constitutional exercises of power by the Federal government.
Dartmouth vs. Woodward
-New Hampshire wanted to alter Dartmouth College from private to state control.
-Ruled that states could not alter contracts regardless of age.
-Set the precedents of states putting clauses in contracts allowing them to alter them.
-Example of extreme application of contract clauses.
Marbury vs. Madison
1789
-This case resulted from a petition sent to the supreme court by Marbury because James Madison did not deliver Marburys documents.
-This case discovered the judicial review.
-This is significant because it set up the basis for the Supreme Court being an active, law making body rather than the puppet court it was at its inception.