The Civil War! Brought to you by...
Jonathan Worthington and Omar Ibrahim
The Secession Crisis
- Southern states were slowly seceding from the Union.
- South Carolina seceded first after Lincoln was elected for president.
- The North sent supplies to Fort Sumter while the Confederacy opened fire.
- The Crittenden Compromise was the final attempt of Compromise by the South but was denied by the Republicans because it reestablished the Missouri Compromise line.
- Northern advantages included: a twice as large a population of the South, a more advanced industrial system, more advanced artillery and manpower.
- Southern advantages included battling on their home land and wise generals.
Northern/Southern Flags
The North and South had too many disputes which required war to resolve.
The Crittenden Compromise
The Crittenden Compromise guaranteed the permanent existence of slavery in the Southern states and addressed Southern disputes over fugitive slave laws and slavery in the District of Columbia.
Quaker Cannon
The Quaker Cannon was a piece of artillery used the North in the war.
The Mobilization of the North and the South
- Both sides funded their side of the war by issuing bank notes and issuing paper money, borrowing from foreign nations (specifically South) and levying taxes.
- Women took over positions vacated by men, such as teachers, nurses, office workers, factory hands, and in the South they took charge of the farms.
- Lincoln declared all slaves in rebellious states free with the Emancipation Proclamation.
- Conscription - In order to maintain the higher population, the North drafted soldiers. If someone was drafted, they could choose to pay it off or get someone drafted instead.
- Black soldiers were often mistreated and abused in the war.
- Lincoln arrested dissenters during the war.
Clara Barton
Clara Barton was an essential woman figure during the war with her impressive nursing skills.
Draft Riots
This is a painting of the New York Draft Riots of 1863.
Black soldiers
This is a picture of a standard black slave.
Strategy and Diplomacy
- Other than Texas, all western states remained loyal to the Union in the war.
- The Foreign Nations were biased towards the Confederates. After they got a supply of cotton from another country, they remained neutral.
- The North had the naval advantage because by blocking the South's forces, they could not travel anywhere to fight. They were forced to remain where they were.
- Abraham Lincoln was the president at the time of the war for the North and Jefferson Davis was the president of the Confederate States of America.
- The Confederates attempted to convene with the Five Civilized Tribes in the west, but it resulted in their own civil war.
The Five Civilized Tribes
The South tried to make alliances with the Natives, but they were split between who to support which put them into a Civil War.
France
France was aiding the Confederates but once they obtained a supply of cotton from another country, they remained neutral
Northern and Southern States
Texas was the only exception to western states being loyal to the Union.
The Course of Battle
- The battle of bull run was the first major battle of the war between General Irvin McDowell and General Beauregard. The battle displayed the illusion of quick war and the Union lost.
- Repeated weapons were used by both sides such as Samuel Colt's 1835 repeating revolver and Oliver Winchester's rifle.
- The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of war between General Meade of the North and General Lee of the South.
- General Ulysses S. Grant was appointed to the general of the entire Union army after his valiant efforts of the battle of Chattanooga.
- General Lee of the South surrendered to Grant of the North at the Appomattox Court House which signaled the end of the war.
General Ulysses S. Grant
General Grant was appointed to the commander of the entire Union Army in the later years of the war and won multiple battles including the Battle of Shiloh and the Battle of Fort Henry
General Robert E. Lee
General Lee was the general of the Confederate Army in the war and won multiple battles including the Battle of Gaine's Mill and the Battle of Glendale.
Appomattox Court House
General Lee surrendered at the Appomattox Court House marking the end of the Civil War in 1865.