WEATHER INSTRUMENTS
By: Nikeya Mimms
THERMOMETER
Barometer
Sling Psychrometer
Weather observers can use a sling psychrometer to measure the amount of water vapor in the air - that is, its humidity.
It consists of two glass thermometers containing a liquid, usually mercury. One thermometer measures the air temperature while the other one measures the wet-bulb temperatures.
Rain Guage
Wind Vane
A wind vane (or weathercock) is an instrument for showing the direction of the wind. They are typically used as an architectural ornament to the highest point of a building.
Although partly functional, weather vanes are generally decorative, often featuring the traditional cockerel design with letters indicating the points of the compass. Other common motifs include ships, arrows and horses. Not all weather vanes have pointers.
The word 'vane' comes from the Old English word fana meaning 'flag'.
Anemometer
An anemometer is a device used for measuring wind speed, and is a common weather station instrument. The term is derived from the Greek wordanemos, meaning wind, and is used to describe any air speed measurement instrument used in meteorology or aerodynamics. The first known description of an anemometer was given by Leon Battista Alberti around 1450.[1]
Anemometers can be divided into two classes: those that measure the wind's speed, and those that measure the wind's pressure; but as there is a close connection between the pressure and the speed, an anemometer designed for one will give information about both.
Weather Map
a map showing the state of the weather over a large area.
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Hygrometer
A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity (or relative density) of liquids; that is, the ratio of the density of the liquid to the density of water.
A hydrometer is usually made of glass and consists of a cylindrical stem and a bulb weighted with mercury or lead shot to make it float upright. The liquid to be tested is poured into a tall container, often a graduated cylinder, and the hydrometer is gently lowered into the liquid until it floats freely. The point at which the surface of the liquid touches the stem of the hydrometer is noted. Hydrometers usually contain a scale inside the stem, so that the specific gravity can be read directly. A variety of scales exist, and are used depending on the context.