Canada in 2060
What will Canada look like in 2060?
How will Canada change?
Using current trends as our time machine, we will travel from 2015 to 2060. Through this time span, we will explore how immigration and demography will change, and how First Nations communities will differ 45 years from now. With the current trends, we will see how these changes will improve the future of our country.
Immigration
Immigrants
Between 2006 and 2011, Canada had received 1 162 900 immigrants. It is estimated that 250 000 immigrants move to Canada each year. In Canada, the net migration rate is 5 immigrants/ 1000 population.
Many immigrants decide to move to Canada for reasons such as:
- Job Opportunities
- Education
- Access to health care
The main sources of immigrants were:
- Asia and the Middle East
- Europe
- Africa
In 2014, the Philippines were the number 1 provider of immigrants to Canada. Many of these immigrants emigrate in hope of getting a job that would provide a higher pay. Some came as economic immigrants, specializing in architecture and nursing. Economic immigrants make up two thirds of immigrants. Furthermore, Canada has accepted a large amount of this group due to skilled workers and those who can supply financially to Canada's economy.
About 94.8% of immigrants settle in:
- Ontario
- Quebec
- British Columbia
- Alberta
Immigration in 2060
In 2060, Canada will see the amount of immigration increase. This is a result of a low birth rate and death rate. Furthermore, about 40% of the population will leave the workforce, and only 15.5 % will enter. The 40% include those who are 25-54 years old, that will leave the workforce after 45 years (2060). Only 15.5% is 0-14 years old that will join in 2060. This will result in more jobs than there were in 2010, encouraging more immigrants to settle in Canada.
Once the Philippines rebuild, they will not be the top provider. Instead, China and India will become the largest source of immigrants. Due to their dense population, many will immigrate to Canada to find these jobs to escape high levels of poverty. Furthermore, as girls are discriminated in China and India, many families may immigrate to Canada to provide a better future for their daughters.
Manitoba and Saskatchewan will be the settlement for immigrants in 2060. In the diagrams below, both Manitoba and Saskatchewan had the lowest unemployment rate and immigration. In 2060, the population will decrease, so the unemployment rate will also decrease. As immigrants from China and India are seeking for jobs while escaping overpopulation, these two provinces will be most suitable to fit their needs.
Demography
Birth Rate and Death Rate
In Canada, the birth rate is 10.29 births/ 1000 population. The average amount of children a women has is 2. This number has decrease drastically through the years, as a result of our new lifestyle. Females have began to join the workforce due to the improving status of women. As they invest their time into their career, many things change. They start having later marriages, and not enough time to take care of many children.
Other reasons for the declining birth rate includes:
- no need for large families, no farming
- birth control is affordable and accessible
- children are surviving
- family planning
As the birth rate declines, the death rate has also declined. With improvements in sanitation, healthcare, and a reliable food source, our life expectancy increases. The death rate in Canada is 8.31deaths/ 1000 population.
Canada’s population is 35.53 million, with a population growth rate of 0.76%.
Natural Increase Rate and Dependancy Load
The natural increase rate of Canada is 1.98%. Canada is in the 4th stage of the Demographic Transition Model, meaning that it has a low birth and death rate. The dependency ratio is 24.2% for youth, and 22.9% for elderly.
Our age structure is:
- 0-14 years (15.5%)
- 15-24 years (12.7%)
- 25-54 years (41%)
- 55-64 years (13.5%)
- 65 and over (17.3%)
Demography in 2060
The birth rate will decline in 2060. Many families will start to only have 1 child, so that females can balance both work and home life. The baby boomers were a large part of Canada's population, by 2060, they would have already passed away. As the next generation takes the baby boomers spot, the death rate will decrease as their numbers are smaller.
For a country to enter the 5th stage of the Demographic Transition Model, it must have a very low birth rate, and low death rate. In 2060, Canada will start to transition from low stationary to declining. This means that there birth rate is very low, and the death rate is low. From this data, our population will decrease naturally, and this is where immigration comes in to help.
Using the Rule of 70, Canada's population is predicted to double in 92 years. If we were to split that number in half, Canada's population may increase by 17.5 million in 46 years (2061). If we were to apply the Rule of 70 to predict the population in 2060, it would be approximately 52.5. Therefore, the population is shown to have an increase.
First Nations
Population
The First Nations make up 60% of aboriginals in Canada, this is equivalent to 851 560 people. As of 2011, the median age was 27.2.
Their population grows much faster than the Canadian population, with an increase of 22.9% between 2006 and 2011.
Depression
Many First Nations suffer from depression due to:
- loss of cultural identity
- poverty
- alcoholism and substance abuse
- sexual abuse
The rate of depression is 12% off-reserve, on reserve is estimated to be even larger.
Education
Housing
The First Nations have many house problems, this includes:
- shortages
- lack of plumbing and electricity
- poorly constructed and need for repairs
The First Nations in 2060
With the help of social media and people like Wab Kinew, we can alter the way we think about First Nations. We need to start seeing them from who they are today, and not from the past. As time passes, Canada and the First Nation will rebuild their relationship by 2060.
I believe that the First Nation's living conditions will improve as of a result. Furthermore, many Aboriginal children will have access to proper education and schools and all the First Nations will receive better home conditions. Due to the support they will receive from the government. I believe that their population will remain the same. This means that there culture and language can be revived since Residential Schools. Therefore, the rate of depression will also decrease, as many of the causes will disappear.
In this video, he talks about how Canada and the First Nations need to start with reconciliation. He believes that through this way, many people of the First Nations will have improved living conditions and a sense of equality. This proves my prediction that Canada and the First Nations need to rebuild their relationship.
My Life in 2060
What will my life look like in 2060?
This is Canda in 2060
Many changes will occur through the years, both bad and good changes. If Canada follows these trends, in 2060, Canada will have to heavily rely on immigration. With the help of currents trends, these outcomes listed above are a possibility out of many.
Bibliography
"People and Society :: Canada." The Canadian Encyclopedia. Directorate of Intelligence, 15 Apr. 2007. Web. 2 Oct. 2014. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ca.html.
"Canadians in Context - Aboriginal Population." Employment and Social Development Canada. Employment and Social Development Canada. Web. 3 Dec. 2015. http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/.3ndic.1t.4r@-eng.jsp?iid=36.
Graphically, Speaking. "Health Determinants." Our Voices. Vancouver Web Development, 1 Jan. 2009. Web. <http://www.aboriginalgba.ca/category.aspx?catid=119&rt=2#>.