Shigella
Disease: Shigellosis-Bacillary Dysentery
Shape: Bacillus, Gram Negative
How it infects the host
Shigellosis is spread by means of fecal- oral-transmission. Other modes of transmission include ingestion of contaminated food or water, contact with contaminated inanimated object, and sex.
The B subunit of holotoxin binds to the GB3 receptor on the cell surface of brush border cells of the intestines, the receptor-holotoxin complex is endocytosed, the complex moves to Golgi Apparatus and then to endoplasmic reticulum.
The B subunit of holotoxin binds to the GB3 receptor on the cell surface of brush border cells of the intestines, the receptor-holotoxin complex is endocytosed, the complex moves to Golgi Apparatus and then to endoplasmic reticulum.
Life Cycle of Shigella
Symptoms
- acute abdominal pain
- acute fever
- blood, mucus, pus in stool
- crampy rectal stool
- nausea/vomiting
- watery diarrhea
- acute fever
- blood, mucus, pus in stool
- crampy rectal stool
- nausea/vomiting
- watery diarrhea
Shigella is found in stool
History
It became an official genus in the 1950s. Each species has their own “niche”, which represents what the species main function or area is. S. dysenteriae serotype 1 causes deadly epidemics mainly in developing countries, S boydii is restricted to the Indian subcontinent, and S. flexneri and S. sonnei are prevalent in developing and developed countries, respectively. S. flexneri is also responsible for the worldwide endemic form of bacillary dysentery. ~ MicrobeWiki
Treatment
- Avoid dehydration
- Antibiotics shorten length of illness
- Antibiotics shorten length of illness
- sulfamethoxazole
- ampicillin
Expected Outcome
- Often mild and goes away on its own
- Most patients have an excellent outlook
- Most patients have an excellent outlook