The War of 1812
Causes, Events and Effects of the War
Sailor Impressment
The British during 1803 and 1812, impressed (kidnapped) about 6,000 American sailors.
Native American Rebellion
The British welcomed the Native Americans in Canada, supporting them in their rebellions against the United States.
Shipping Interference
In 1805, the British often interfered with American shipping, since they did not want the Americans supply their enemies with food and supplies.
War Hawks
Congressman who demanded to go to war with Britain were called 'War Hawks'. They urged the congress to finally declare war on Britain on June 18, 1812.
Britain wishes for no War
The British sent a message too late to America about no longer interfering with their ships. Also, Britain didn't want to go to war due to it still being at war with France, so they focused on France during 1812 and 1814.
Americans build Fleet
During the winter of 1812-1813, the Americans built their ships into a small fleet on the shores of Lake Erie.
The defeat of Napoleon
In April 1814, Britain defeated Napoleon, turning it's attention to America.
Battle of Lake Erie
In September 1814, Oliver Hazard Perry took charge of the small fleet, and defeated the British in a naval battle, sending them back to Canada.
Battle of Lake Champlain
In September 1814, Britain planned to cross over Lake Champlain to cut off New England, yet the planned failed when the American fleet defeated them.
Treaty of Ghent
Before the battle of New Orleans, the Treaty of Ghent was made, ending the War of 1812, yet slow mail did not reach the Americans, with still battles going on.
Battle of New Orleans
Before the news of the Treaty of Ghent arrived, General Jackson fought British forces for New Orleans on January 1815, causing 2,000 unnecessary British causalities.
Effects of the War of 1812
No one really won in the War. No side gained land and trade issues were not solved. Yet the war increased American patriotism, weakened the Native American Rebellions, and U.S. manufacturing grew.