Cholesterol
By: Suzy Baiz
What is LDL?
- LDL stands for Low Density Lipoprotein.
- It is a cholesterol-carrying particle in the blood, made up of cholesterol and other lipids.
- High LDL levels in the blood correlate with a tendency to develop blocked blood vessels and heart disease.
- Also called "bad cholesterol."
What is HDL?
- HDL stands for High Density Lipoprotein.
- It is a cholesterol-carrying particle in the blood, made up of cholesterol and other lipids.
- An HDL particle carries less cholesterol than LDL, and may be correlated with a decreased risk of blood vessel blockage.
- Also called "good cholesterol."
Structure and Functions
Structure
LDL-Approximately 50% of the weight of a LDL is cholesterol and 25% is protein.
LDL contains B-100 proteins.
HDL- Consists of 20% cholesterol and 50% protein in weight.
Contains A-I and A-II proteins.
Functions
Both transport cholesterol in the blood.
LDL- The primary carrier of cholesterol.
Brings cholesterol to your cells throughout your body and can cause build up in the arteries.
HDL- Carries cholesterol away from your heart and other organs and delivers it back to the liver, where it is passed from your body.
Why is it Monitored?
- These levels in the blood help evaluate a person's health status.
- Determines if the person is at risk for cardiovascular disease.
- To know if more cholesterol is being carried to or from the cells.
LDL and HDL associated with Heart Risk
- High LDL levels can be associated with a stroke or hear attack, they can make the arteries clog, this is why it is sometimes referred to as "bad" cholesterol.
Making Changes in Your Levels
- Lowering your LDL levels and increasing your HDL levels can reduce your risk of heart disease.
- Don't smoke.
- Get more physical activity.
- Eat healthy.
- Drink alcohol in moderation.
Other Molecules Tested For
- Total Cholesterol
- LDL
- HDL
- Triglycerides
Fats
- Saturated Fats raise your LDL.
- Trans Fats should be eliminated.
- Monounsaturated fats lower LDL levels.
- Carbohydrates can raise your triglycerides and lowers HDL.
Sources
- "How Do LDL and HDL Differ Structurally and Functionally?" Healthy Eating. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.
- "Why Do Doctors Monitor the Concentration of LDL & HDL?" LIVESTRONG.COM. LIVESTRONG.COM, 4 May 2014. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.