History Of Architecture
James Herrera & Alex Gonzalez
Roman Colosseum
-Date Built- 0070-0080
-Located in Rome, Italy
- Architect- Emperor Vespasian & Emperor Titus
-Architectural Styles: Stadium
Building Features
- 240 timber Poles that rose above the outer screen wall
- wooden floor sustaining a bed of sand that covered the arena
- tall columns
-rectangular windows
Maracana Stadium
-Opened in 1950
-Located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
-They won the FIFA World Cup the year they opened
-Architect: Waldir Ramos, Miguel Feldman, Raphael Galvao
Architectural Features:
-Shaped like a disk
-opened roof on the middle
-field size 105 m × 68 m
-translucent lightweight cable roof.
Tirana Stadium
-Originally built in 1946 then renovated 1974
-Located in Tirana, Albanian
-Architect: Football Associate of Albania
-Architectural styles: Stadium
Building features
-built are of 43,000 square meters
-Designed as a UEFA category 4 stadium
-capacity of 19,700
-Open structure
Stade 5 Juliet
Opened in 1972
-Located in Algiers, Algeria
-Architect: Ministry of youth and sports
Architectural features:
-all grass
-capacity 110,000
-open structure
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ANZ Stadium
-Opened in 1999
-Located in Sydney, Australia
-its known as the mutli purpose stadium
-Architect: Populous
Architectural features:
-Passive ventilation, without any mechanical devices
-Rainwater is collected from the Stadium roof and stored in four large tanks for irrigation of the pitch
-polycarbonate roof slopes down, thereby enhancing the atmosphere and optimising the venue’s acoustics
-Roof reduces glare and lighting fort eh players
Toyota Center
-Build in July 1st, 2001 and opened in 2003
-first year welcomed more than 1.5 million fans
-Located in Houston, Texas
-Architect: Populous, Morris architects, John Chase architects
-Architectural style: stadium
Building Features:
- The spiraling exterior walls of the building, cast in constant curving motion around the fans, step down in elevation toward the street.
-The seats are structured like a bowl
-150 ft tall building
-made for multi sports
Athens Olympic Stadium
-Date Built: 1982 Renovated: July 30, 2004
-Located in Greece
- Architect: Santiago Calatrava
- Architectural Styles: Stadium
Building Features
- Two Giant Arches
- Panels that reflect sunlight
- Lots of seats
- Large Open Roof
Significant: 2004 Athens Olympics.
Nanjing Sports Park
-Built in 2005
- Located in China
-Architect- Populous
-Architect style: Stadium
Building Features
-Red Pillars that light up
-3 different sporting facilities
- 60,000 seat stadium
Beijing National stadium
Opened in 2007
-Located in Beijing, China
-Architect: Arubsport
Architectural features
-all steel support
-retractable roofs
-Twenty-four trussed columns encase the inner bowl
-pipes gather heat to warm the stadium during winter
Dolphins Stadium
renovated in 2008
-located in Miami, Florida
-Architect: Populous, engineer- Bliss and nyitray
Architectural features:
-Stadium Size - 648 feet x 736 feet
-Up to 76,500 seats for football, and about half that amount for baseball
- More than 250 million dollars have been used to renovate the stadium
-Stadium was expanded to keep it live and host world cup soccer games
AT&T Cowboy Stadium
- Stadium was completed May 29th, 2009
- Located in Arlington, TX
- Architect- Dallas- Based architectural firm HKS
- Architectural Style: Stadium
Building Features:
- Has the Worlds biggest TV
- Its the Largest Domed Stadium in the world
- 180=foot-wide by 120-foot-high operable glass doors.
-The roof is 660,800 square feet and each panel weighs 1.68 million pounds.
Significant/ Date: The First Game ever played in the Stadium was in 2009 during a pre season home game.
KFC YUM! Stadium
- Built in 2010
- Located in Louisville
- Architect- Populous
- Architectural Style: Stadium
Building Features
- Filled with lots of glass windows
- Smooth wavy ceilings
- octagon shaped seating arrangements
- wooden floors
Aviva Stadium
Opened in may 14th, 2010
-located in Dublin, Ireland
-Architect: Populous
Architectural features:
-bowl shaped with four tiers in sides of the ground
-seven stories of floor including ground level
-field size 106 m × 68 m
-construction cost $410 million dollars
London Olympic Stadium
Opened in 2011
-Located in London, England
-closed and will open again in 2016
-Architect: Populous
Architectural features:
-the roof is made out of fabric
-build on a little island
- 800,000 tons of soil were removed to build the stadium
- there are 14 lighting towers reaching 70m
Arena Das Dunas
- Located in Brazil
- Architect- Populous
- Architectural Style: Stadium
Building Features
Adjustable roofs due to climate
Arrangement has Dramatic asymmetric form
Upper seating tiers are separated into discrete seating blocks.
Resources
http://twistedsifter.com/2009/09/new-dallas-cowboys-stadium/
http://olympics.ballparks.com/2004Athens/index.htm
http://www.manicaarchitecture.com/projects/stadia/36-tirana-stadium
http://basketball.ballparks.com/NBA/HoustonRockets/newindex.htm
http://www.sunlifestadium.com/about
http://www.archdaily.com/515131/maracana-stadium-roof-structure-schlaich-bergermann-und-partner/
http://www.anzstadium.com.au/footer/about-us/our-design/
http://populous.com/project/kfc-yum-center/
http://www.stadiumguide.com/arenadasdunas/