ENERGY LEVELS
THEY ARE EVERYWHERE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1!1!11!1
So what are they?
Energy levels are levels within atoms each containing a certain amount of atoms. These atoms can be found in distinctive areas of an atom depending on what level and sub level they are in.
The 4 energy levels
These are the 4 energy levels we know of, each comprising of 1 or more of the sub levels of energy. (More in-depth details after sub-levels).
Sublevels
There are 4 proven sub-levels: S, P, D, and F. Each sub-level shows how many electrons are within an energy level through the use of orbitals
Orbitals
Orbitals are areas that define where an electron is most likely found in an energy level. The shape of the orbital depends on the energy level and which sub-level of energy it is representing.
Sublevels?
S - Sub level
S: S is a sub-level of energy where the orbital is in the shape of a sphere and contains 2 electrons each.
P - Sub level
P: P is the next sub-level in the shape of a figure 8 (or infinity loop). These are found in groups of 3. Each one has 2 electrons as well, but since they're found in groups of 3, they contribute 6 electrons.
D - Sub level
D: This energy level is in the shape of a 4 leaf clover. They come in groups of 5, therefore they have 10 electrons total.
F - Sub level
The final proven level, and come in multiple shapes (I'll let the image do most of the talking). They come in groups of 7 bringing the electron count to a grand total of 14.
THEORY
There is a G sub-level after F, but it's not mentioned as such because no element is known to actually follow it or prove it. It was created purely on Calculus, and scientists today stay optimistic, believing that a new element will be discovered that proves this correct. The Picture to the right shows what an G orbital looks like. They would come in groups of 9 and have 18 electrons.
Levels
The 4 Energy levels
There are 4 proven energy levels.
The 1st energy level - Contains one orbital, the S orbital, and have 2 electrons
The 2nd energy level - Contains 4 orbitals; 1 S and 3 P. They will add up to a grand total of 8 electrons.
The 3rd energy level - Contains 10 orbitals; 1 S, 3 P, and 5 D. They will add up to 18 electrons.
The 4th energy level - Contains 16 orbitals; 1 S, 3 P, 5 D, and 7 F. They will add up to 32
The 5th energy level - Contains 25 orbitals; 1 S, 3 P, 5 D, 7 F, and 9 G. They will add up to have 50 electrons.
The 6th energy level - Contains 36 orbitals; 1 S, 3 P, 5 D, 7 F, 9 G, and 11 H. They will add up to have 72 electrons.