Reconstruction
By: Bethany Tuma
The Civil Rights Amendments
There are three Civil Rights Amendments. There are the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.
The 13th- The 13th amendment states there shall be no slavery or servitude. Overall to stop slavery.
14th- Granted all citizentship within the United States, which including newly freed slaves denyed anyone within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
15th- Anyone that was born in The United States can not be denyed to vote.
Plans for Reconstruction
President Lincoln's plan- Lincoln's plan, Southerners who took an oath saying they would support the Union would be granted a pardon. The Reconstruction plan allowed southern states to form new governments and constitutions, as long as 10% of their voters supported the Union. 1860 presidential election would be the basis of the 10% of voters. The new state constitutions could not allow slavery. Most Northerners thought that Lincoln's plan wasn't harsh enough, because they thought that Southerners should get more punishment for trying to secede from the Union.
President Johnson's plan- Lincoln was assassinated a few days after Civil war eneded Vice President Andrew Johnson became the new president. Johnson came up with his own Reconstruction plan in1865. His plan offered pardons to every single southern white, not including the main Confederate leaders and rich Confederate supporters. Southern states that were defeated were to hold conventions and start new state governments. These new state governments had to get rid of slavery and agree to the country if they wanted to rejoin the Union.
Congress Plan- Congress took control of Reconstruction policies away from the President, drafting the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution to protect the civil liberties and voting rights of African Americans. 1866 and 1875 Congress also enacted civil rights bills to guarantee all citizens equal rights in hotels, restaurants, trains, and other public accommodations and transportation facilities. Federal troops occupied many Southern states during Reconstruction, enabling the freedmen to vote and to elect Republican candidates both black and white to Congress. When these federal troops left, following the election of 1876, Congressional Reconstruction collapsed. The Supreme Court later ruled the civil rights acts unconstitutional. In the following years African Americans lost the right to vote, and racial segregation became the law throughout the South.
Black Codes
Racism & Discrimination
Ku Klux Klan- A response to extraordinary civil unrest during the Reconstruction period. This unrest threatened the lives and the political and economic rights of all newly freed slaves. Although closely tied to the era in which it was enacted, portions of the statute remain extraordinarily important to modern civil rights enforcement.
Protect New Rights- They stood up for what they believed in. They weren't going to be be put down again and loose their freedom because they believe they deserve freedom like all of the whites do.
Reconstruction to End
KKK
Leading his group of the KKK
African American Freedom
People holding signs that say No Jim Crow Laws, Public Schools for everyone!
Segregated Black schools
This is a all black school.