Caffeine and Alcohol Intake
How are African American Women Affected?
Introduction
The prevalence of type two diabetes will rise from 9% in 2001 to 14% in 2031. African Americans are disproportionately affected by diabetes. Obesity is the most important risk factor affecting black women with diabetes.
Study Objective
A prospective study was conducted in 2010 that looked at the relationship between intake of coffee, tea, and alcohol intake among African American women.
Coffee, tea, and alcohol intake in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in African American women.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Oct ;92(4):960-6. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29598. Epub 2010 Sep 8 .
Study Design
Data was obtained using 49,906 black women from the Black Women's Health Study that was conducted between 1995-2001
Participants were aged 30-69
Dietary intake was assessed in 1995 and 2001 by using a validated food-frequency questionnaire.
Consumption of coffee and tea at baseline was assessed in relation to diabetes incidence between 1995 and 2001, and coffee and tea consumption in 2001 was assessed in relation to diabetes incidence between 2001 and 2007. Alcohol intake was updated every 2 y at the start of each questionnaire cycle.
Diabetes Among African American Women PSA.wlmp
RESULTS
- Caffeinated coffee and alcohol intake were positively associated with each other, and both were strongly associated with older age and cigarette smoking.
- women with high decaffeinated coffee consumption were more likely to have a history of hypertension or high cholesterol, more likely to exercise, and less likely to smoke than women with high caffeinated coffee consumption.
- During 439,048 person-years of follow-up, researchers identified 3671 cases of diabetes. Among the women , 38% drank no coffee, 35% drank caffeinated coffee exclusively, 13% drank decaffeinated coffee exclusively, and 14% drank both types of coffee
- Higher levels of caffeinated coffee consumption were associated with a significant decrease in risk of diabetes
- Seventy-four percent of participants drank tea at least once a month. Tea intake was also not significantly associated with risk of diabetes
- Higher alcohol intake was surprisingly associated with lower diabetes risk
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