Mary II & William III
King and Queen of England ruling from 1689-1702
Birth and Death Dates
Born on November 14, 1650 (William) April 30, 1662 (Mary)
Died on March 8, 1702 (William) December 28, 1694 (Mary)
William and Mary were also King and Queen of Scotland and Ireland too.
Monarch's approach to government/What were they trying to accomplish?
They were trying to make the Monarchy government dependent on Parliamentary taxation. They wanted Parliament to pass the Bill of Rights which would prevent Catholics to succeed to the throne.
William
William was a sovereign Prince of Orange from birth.
Mary
Mary was the daughter of James II.
James II
Father of Mary who was also the Duke of York and Duke of Albany.
Three achievements:
1. William led his Dutch army to victory at the battle of the Boyne in July 1690
2. William and Mary become joint King and Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1989 after James II had left his kingdom.
3. William forms grand alliance between England, Holland, and Austria to prevent the union to the French and Spanish crowns.
Policy enacted to achieve goals:
William and Mary were faced in 1689 with two Jacobite attempts to regain the throne.
The Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution ,also known as the Revolution of 1688, was when Mary's father James II was overthrown by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch leader (William). He became King. William had later married Mary to make her Queen of England.
Declaration of Rights
William and Mary accepted a Declaration of Rights (later a Bill) , drawn up by a Convention of Parliament, which limited the sovereign's power. Parliament wanted to control taxation and legislation.