Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
by Alex Lippmann
what is Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
smyptoms on Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Enlarged lymph nodes
- Swollen abdomen (belly)
- Feeling full after only a small amount of food
- Chest pain or pressure
- Shortness of breath or cough
- Fatigue (extreme tiredness)
- Low red blood cell counts (anemia)
TREATMENTS
Kills cells that are growing or multiplying too quickly.
-Steroid
Modifies or simulates hormone effects, often to reduce inflammation or for tissue growth and repair.
-Bone marrow stimulant
Helps bone marrow produce new blood cells.
statictics
- About 71,000 patients will be diagnosed with NHL in 2015, and approximately 19,500 patients will die of NHL in the U.S.
Specialists
Specializes in cancer.
-Hematology pathologist
Specializes in diagnosing blood disorders.
-Radiologist
Uses images to diagnose and treat disease within the body.
-Nuclear medicine doctor
Applies radioactive substances to diagnose and treat disease.
- Radiation oncologist
Treats and manages cancer by prescribing radiation therapy.
who does it effect?
Ages affected
0-2
Very rare
3-5
Very rare
6-13
Very rare
14-18
Rare
19-40
Rare
41-60
Rare
60+
Common
-In the United States, whites are more likely than African aAmericans and Asian Americans to develop non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Also In the United States, whites are more likely than African Americans and Asian Americans to develop non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Affects on the body
What are the causes?
- DNA-the process of cell division is not perfect, and errors can occur that may affect genes within the DNA. Cancers can be caused by DNA mutations (changes) that turn on oncogenes or turn off tumor suppressor genes
- HEREDITY-Some people inherit DNA mutations from a parent that increase their risk for some types of cancer. But non-Hodgkin lymphoma is not one of the cancer types often caused by these inherited mutations.
- TRANSLOCATION - DNA from one chromosome breaks off and becomes attached to a different chromosome. When this happens, oncogenes can be turned on or tumor suppressor genes can be turned off. Some lymphomas tend to have specific chromosome defects
- IMMUNE DEFECTS
- AGE-Getting older is a strong risk factor for lymphoma overall, with most cases occurring in people in their 60s or older.
prevention tips
How is it diagnosed?
- Tests and procedures used to diagnose non-Hodgkin's lymphoma include:
- Physical examination. Your doctor may conduct a physical exam to determine the size and condition of your lymph nodes and to find out whether your liver and spleen are enlarged
- Blood and urine tests.