Mid Year Science Review
Chemistry, Earth History, Infectious Diseases
Periodic Table
The Periodic Table has 7 Periods and 18 groups. It is a table of chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number
Atomic # & Atomic Mass
The Atomic Number: is the number of protons and electrons.
- The Atomic Mass: is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the Nucleus
Protons Neutrons Electrons
Protons: a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge
Neutrons:a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge
Electrons:a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids
Groups and Periods
Periods: There are 7 on the periodic table, horizontal left and right rows on the periodic table.
Law of conservation of mass
Elements, Compounds, Mixtures
Compounds: A substance formed by 2 or more elements chemically combined
Mixtures: Combination of two or more different substances that are mixed but not combined
Physical/ Chemical Properties
Describes: Looks, Smells, Feels, Sounds and Tastes.
Chemical Properties: A characteristic that you can only observe by changing the identity of the substance
Describes: How something reacts
Physical/ Chemical Change
Ex: Block of ice melting
Chemical Change: Any change in matter that results in the form of a new chemical substance.
Ex: Cracking and egg
-Typically cannot be reversed.
-A new substance is formed as a result of a chemical reaction
Vocabulary
Matter: Anything that takes up space and that has mass.
Atoms: Basic building blocks of any matter.
Law of Superposition
Relative/Absolute Dating
Absolute Dating: The process of establishing the age of an object determining the number of years it existed, Actual number
Half-life/Radioactive Dating
Radioactive Dating: How they determine how old the fossils are
Index Fossils
Geologic Time Scale
Ice Cores
Vocabulary
Fossil Record: total number of fossil that have been discovered
Relative: To compare like things
Absolute: exact
Uniformitarianism: The geologic principle that the same geologic process that operate today operated in the past to change earths surface
Virus
Bacteria
Fungi
Parasite
Epidemic vs. Pandemic
Epidemic: affecting or tend to effect a disproportional larger numbers of individuals within a population
Pandemic: accruing over a wide geographic area and effecting a large amount of people
How to Prevent/treat microorganisms
How to prevent: you can prevent a microorganism with a vaccine
You treat it: you treat it with antibiotics
Biotechnology- Careers
Biotechnology: The use of living cell, bacteria etc. to make useful products
Careers: Agriculture biotechnology, Laboratory Assistant and Bioinformatics Specialist
Agriculture
vocabulary
Genetic Engineering: The science of making changes to the genes of a plant or animal o produce a desired results
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO): An organism or microorganism whose genetic material has been altered by means of genetic engineering
Cloning: To produce a copy or imitation
DNA; is the molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms
Bio-Remediation: the use of microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site