PURPOSE OF DNA
Nachila Ortiz and Micheala Desena
What Is DNA ?
- DNA's main role of in the cell is the long-term storage of information.
- a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
- The purpose of DNA is to not only control development, but it is also pass down information as well.
Look how the DNA works.
DNA Structure
What does the DNA do?
- Major function of DNA is encode the sequence of amino acid resides in proteins, using the genetic code.
- DNA is stored inside the cell nucleus while in prokaryotes such as bacteria and achaea, the DNA is in the cell's cytoplasm.
Genetic Code
- The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material is translated into proteins by living cells.
- The genetic code can be expressed as either RNA codons or DNA codons.
- DNA sequencing has become so rapid and because most genes are now being discovered at the level of DNA before they are discovered as mRNA or as a protein product, it is extremely useful to have a table of codons expressed as DNA.
Nucleotide
- A nucleotide is one of the structural components, or building blocks, of DNA and RNA
- A nucleotide consists of a base
- The DNA nucleotide are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
- C, T, and U are called pyrimidines and each has a single nitrogen-containing ring. A and G are called purines and each has two nitrogen-containing rings.
DNA Replication
- DNA replication begins with the "unzipping" of the parent molecule as the hydrogen bases between the base pairs are broken.
- DNA replication is the process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule.
- Biological process occurs in all living organisms
- Chromosomes must be replicated, divided, and passed successfully to their daughter cells