Mid-Year Review
Chemistry, Earth History, Infectious disease Efren G
Chemistry 8.p.1 Understand the properties of matter and changes that occur when matter interacts in an open and closed container
Physical-Can be observed or measured without change
Chemical- Can only be observed during a chemical reaction
- Physical and Chemical Change
Physical- Does not form a new substance
Chemical- One or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties
- Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Elements- Building blocks of matter made of atoms
Compounds- Substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine
Mixtures- Combination of two or more different substances that is mixed but not combined
- Periodic Table
A table with elements ordered in atomic number in groups and periods
*Groups-Columns in the periodic table that go up and down and share common properties
*periods- Seven horizontal rows in the periodic table
*Metals- Metals, Transition Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth metals, all of these are harder than the elements and have a higher chance to react with one another
*Non-metals- These are poor conductors of heat and electricity and tend to form salt
*Metalliods- a mixture of metals and non metals
*Atomic Number- the number of protons and electrons found in an atom
*Atomic mass- the mass of an atomic particle
*Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons- The three parts that make an atom
- Law of conservation of Mass- Matter can not be created or destroyed it can only be transferred from state to state
-Vocab
*Atomic #
*Chemical Properties
*Physical properties
*Periods
*Groups
*Atomic mass
Earth History
- Index fossils- Fossils of a widely distributed organism that lived during one short period of time
- Ice cores- A core sample removed from an ice sheet with air bubble to help determine the climate back then
-Geologic time Scale- Four different eras that Earth went threw
*Precambrian Era
*Paleozoic Era
*Mesozoic Era
*Cenozoic Era
- Relative dating- The age of a rock compared to the ages of rock layers
- Absolute dating- Used to determine the exact age of a rock or fossil
-Half-life/Radioactive Decay- The time it takes for 1/2 of the isotopes to decay
-Vocab
*Geology- The study of earth
*Index fossil
*Relative Dating
*Absolute dating
*Law of superposition
*Ice core
Infectious Disease
* Virus- A small infectious agent that replicates only in a host cell
* Bacteria- A large domain of prokrayotic microorganism
* Fungi- Eukaryotic celled organism that live by decomposing dead organisms
* Parasite- An organism that lives on a host and benefits from its nutrients
- Epidemic- An outbreak of an infectious disease in a small area
- Pandemic- An outbreak of an infectious disease in large populations
- Biotechnology- The use of living cells, bacteria, etc. to make products
*Careers- Forensics, Agricultural, Medical Scientist, Biological Technicians, etc.
* Agriculture- the Cultivation of animals plants fungi for food , fiber, an bio-fuel
* Medicine- the science of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease
* Economy- Careful management of available resources
-Vocab
* DNA
* Cloning
* Genetic Engineering
* Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
* Bio Redemiation
* Bio Technology