President Eisenhower
By: AJ Hauer 2nd Period
Election/Cold War
Election
-President Eisenhower (Rep) first ran for president in 1952, against (Dem) Adlai Stevenson, former govener of Illinouis.
-President Eisenhower ran again for president in 1956. This was a rematch of the 1952 Presidential election, leaving Eisenhower victorious.
-1952 Presidential election he won 55.2 % to 44.4% and in 1956 won 57.4% to 42.0%
Cold War
-A state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare, in particular.
-During his presidency he authorized CIA sponsored coups abroad, commited federal funds to fight communists in Vietnam, and resolved the Suez crisis.
McCarthy/Southern Conflicts
Senator Joseph McCarthy
-Republican senator who accused multiple democrats of being communists
-His philosophy flourished in the seething Cold War atmosphere of suspicion and fear
-Was incredibly ruthless and did damage to American traditions of fair play and free speech
-Removed from the senate when he attacked the U.S. army
Southern Conflicts
Little Rock School Crisis- A group of African Americans who were enrolled were enrolled in Little Rock Central High School were initially prevented from entering the racially segragated school.
Brown Vs. Board of Education- Court ruled that segregation, "seperate but equal," was unconstitutional, overturned Plessy Vs. Ferguson.
Montgomery Bus Boycott- A political and social protest campaign started in in 1955 intended to oppose the city's policy of racial segregation on its public transit system.
Civil Rights Act of 1957- Primarily a voting rights bill, was the first ever civil rights legislation enacted by Republicans in the U.S. since reconstruction, set up a permanent Civil Rrights Commision.
Space Race
Brown Vs. Board of Education
Senator Joseph McCarthy
Eisenhower's Republicism Policies
-In domestic policies, he described his approach as "Modern Republicanism" and authorized the interstate state highway system.
-He called for a moderate and balanced approach to domestic affair.
-He extended social security to 10 million more citizens, minimum wage was raised, and more pubic housing was built.
-However he did not approve of federal health care insurance and federal aid to education. This policy still called for a large arms buildup and an active foreign policy.
Vietnam War/Space Race
Vietnam
-Vietnam became an independent nation in 1954 in the Geneva Conference.-It was supposed to be only temporarily divided until a general election could be held but this never occurred.
-In North Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh established a communist dictatorship.
-Another government under Ngo Dinh Diem developed in South Vietnam who's support came from anticommunist, Catholic, and urban Vietnamise.
-South Vietnam feared the communists would win the election, thus it was never held.
-The US would give over 1 billion in economic and military aid to South Vietnam between 1955 and 1961 which was justified by Eisenhower's domino theory.
Space Race
-"Rocket Fever" swept the nation and Eisenhower established the National Aeronautics and Space Association (NASA) and directed billions of dollars to missile development.
-Soviet scientists astounded the world on October 4, 1957, by lofting into orbit around the globe a spaceship (Sputnik I) and a month later they sent (Sputnik II) carrying a dog.
-The amazing scientific breakthrough shattered american self confidence and america had seemingly taken a back seat in scientific achievement; fear of soviet missile superiority.
-The Sputnik success led to a critical comparison of the American education system with that of the Soviet Union
-In 1958 the National Defense and Education Act authorized $887 million in loans to needy college students and in grants for the improvement of teaching the sciences and languages.