Feedback
and formative assessment
Principals of Effective Feedback
Feedback enables students to recognise their strengths as well as areas for development, and to identify and plan with their teacher the next steps in their learning. Students should be provided with opportunities to improve their knowledge, understanding and skills through feedback that:
- is timely, specific and related to the learning and assessment intention
- is constructive and provides meaningful information to students about their learning in a variety of forms
- focuses on the activity and corrects misunderstandings
- identifies and reinforces students’ strengths
- provides information about how they can improve
- facilitates the development of and provides opportunities for self-assessment and reflection during the learning process
- informs future teaching and learning opportunities.
Feedback can occur at any point in the teaching, learning and assessment cycle. It may:
include regular teacher–student dialogue to guide student learning
focus on particular knowledge, understanding and skills related to content, and/or processes applied to an activity.
Students may benefit from opportunities to self-assess, self-monitor and make judgements about their work in relation to standards and should be provided with regular opportunities to reflect on their learning.
The Power of Feedback
Giving Effective Feedback
7 Keys to Effective Feedback
Providing Effective Feedback to Students
Top 10 Tips for Providing Feedback
Provision of Timely and Appropriate Feedback
Illustrations from AITSL
Giving Effect Feedback (activity)
Formative Assessment
Embedding Formative Assessment across the Curriculum Project
Clarifying sharing and understanding learning intentions and success criteria
- samples of other students' work
- rubrics
- what not to write
- daily sign in
- choose-swap-choose
- designing test itemshave students design questions with the correct answers about what they have been learning.
- WALT, WILF, TIB
- creating study guides
Engineering effective classroom discussions activities and learning tasks that elicit evidence
- no hands up
- hot seat questioning
- ABCD cards
- mini white boards
- exit passes
- thumbs up, thumbs down
- Plus, minus interesting
Providing feedback that moves learning forward
- two stars and a wish
- more of, less of
- met, not yet, I noticed
- margin symbols for daily work/tests
- stairs and steps
- one grad
- post it notes
- match work samples to feedback
- find it and fix it
Activating learners as instructional resources for one another
- C3B4ME
- peer evaluation of homework
- homework help board
- Two stars and a wish
- end of topic questions
- error clarification
- student reporter
- preflight checklist
- I-you-we checklist
- reporter at randon
- grog-based test prep
- what did we learn today?
Activating leaders as owners of their own learning
- Traffic lights
- learning portfolio
- red-green discs
- I used to think.. but now I think
- learning logs
- general learning scale
- before you go what do you know
- parking lot