Mining and Fracking
By Nick an Knoah
Mining is the process of obtaining coal or other minerals from a mine, while fracking is the process of injecting liquid at high pressure into subterranean rocks, so as force open existing fissures and extract oil or gas.
The different types of MIning
Surface mining and Subsurface mining is the two different ways to extract and mine minerals. Surface mining is used where the ore or material to be extracted is located near the surface. Subsurface mining is used where the material in veins deep below the Earth's surface, or obstructed in a way that make surface access impracticle.
Different types of Surface and Subsurface mining
Strip Mining
Strip mining is digging out the Earth and rock to reveal mineral reserves. The affect of this type of mining is that it strips the soils nutrients and erodes the soil, pollutes the water and damages homes, roads, and wildlife
Open pit
Open pit is extracting rock/minerals from the Earth by their deduction from an pit. Damages the land and harms wild life's habitat.
Mountain Top Removal
Removing the top of a Mountain to extract usually coal or other minerals. Pollutes the water and completely destructs the Mountain
Subsurface Mining
Slope Mining
A method of accessing valuable geological material such as coal or ore
Drift Mining
A process of accessing precious and worthy materials, like coal, by cutting and digging in the side of the Earth
Shaft Mining
A type of mining where you dig vertically where you then access to an underground mining facility. Shaft mining plays a huge role in the destruction of wildlife, water pollution and soil erosion. Underground coal mining also can require the removal of almost an entire layer of material deep under the surface.
Fracking
Fracking is the process of drilling down into the earth before a high-pressure water mixture is directed at the rock to release the gas inside. Fracking's effects are huge and detrimental to the Earth. Fracking uses 1-8 million gallons of water per one fracture. And produces 300,000 barrels of natural gas a day. Fracking also causes harm to humans to. If the chemicals used in Fracking, gets into a persons water-line, it can cause harmful cancer cells inside the person and could possibly kill them.