Cell organelles
Amanda Fritsch pd2
Plasma or cell membrane
The plasma or cell membrane is a double layer of phospholipids. It encloses the cell and keeps all parts of the cell in and unwanted particle out. The membrane is semipermeable to let certain things in and out. It is found in both plant and animal cells.
cell membrane (animal cell)
The cell membrane is the light blue outer "wall".
cell membrane (plant cell)
Cell membrane through microscope
The dark gray outline is the cell/plasma membrane.
Cell wall
The cell wall is a rigid, protective outer layer that is made of polysaccharides. It provides and maintains the shape of plants and acts as a barrier. Cell walls are only found in plant cells.
cartoon drawing of cell wall
view of cell wall from microscope
cell wall is in all plant cells
Cytoplasm
cytoplasm is mostly water and it's full of proteins. It is the plural term of cytosol. all organelles are contained in the cytoplasm. It is where most of the cellular metabolism occurs. Cytoplasm exists in both plant and animal cells.
cytoplam (animal cell)
The cytoplasm is the white/tan color through out the cell.
cytoplasm (plant cell)
The cytoplasm is the light blue through out the cell.
photo of cytoplasm through microscope
the light gray area inside the cell is the cytoplasm.
Nucleus
The nucleus is the largest organelle in a cell. It contains nucleoplasm, nucleoli, and DNA. the nucleus acts as the control center. It is responsible for protein instruction and transmitting DNA when a cell divides. The nucleus can be found in both plant and animal cells.
animal cell nucleus
The nucleus is the light purple ball toward the right (#2)
plants cell nucleus
The nucleus is the lighter purple organelle at the top.
micropscope picture of nucleus
Nuclear membrane (envelope)
The nuclear membrane is a lipid bilayer that surrounds the nucleus. Its purpose is to protect the nucleus and to regulate what enters and leaves it. It can be found in both animal and plant cells.
plant cell nuclear membrane
animal cell nuclear membrane
photo of nuclear membrane under microscope
Nucleolus
The nucleolus is a small, dense body within the nucleus. it is composed of ribosomal RNA and proteins. The nucleolus is the site of ribosome subunit manufacturing. It can be found in plant and animal cells.
nucleolus in animal cell
nucleolus in plant cell
photo of nucleolus under microscope
Centrioles
Centrioles are found near the nucleus. They are a small set of microtubules arranged a specific way. They move in opposite directions of the nucleus when the cell starts to divide. This organelle can only be found in animal cells.
centrioles
microscope photo of centrioles
Centrioles look similar to spaghetti
Chromatin
Chromatin is a granular, thread like material composed of DNA and histone protein. It strengthens DNA so that mitosis and meiosis can occur and controls DNA replication. It is found in both animal and plant cells.
chromatin in animal cell
chromatin in plant cell
It is not labeled, but the chloroplast is the black throughout the nucleus.
view of chromatin through micrscope
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are dense particle that consist of two subunits, both composed od ribosomal RNA and protein. They can be found "free" through out the cytoplasm or on part of the ER. that's what forms the rough ER. Their purpose is to handle the production of protein. Ribosomes are in animal and plant cells.
Ribosomes in plant cell
They are the small spheres around the edge of the ER
Ribosomes in plant cell
The ribosomes are the small, tan spheres around the ER.
microscope photo of Ribosomes
They are the small black dots.
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is a sack of smooth membrane sacs. It looks similar to a stack of pancakes. It's purpose is to package and release proteins, as well as stores them. It is in both plant and animal cells.
golgi apparatus in plant cell
Golgi apparatus in animal cell
Golgi apparatus under microscope
Mitochondria
The mitochondria is a membrane bound organelle. it is the shape of a bean. The purpose of mitochondria is to provide energy to the cell. This organelle is found in both plant and animal cells.
mitocondria in animal cell
mictcondria in plant cell
Mitocondria under microscope
Chloroplast
Chloroplast is an organelle found only in plant cells. It is responsible for photo synthesis in plants and give plants their green color. They can have round, oval or dick shaped bodies.
diagram of chloroplast
microscope photo of chloroplast
drawing of chloroplast
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are rough, spherical shaped bodies. They hold enzymes, help with digestion and kill bacteria. Lysosomes can be found in plant cells as well as animal cells.
lysosome in animal cell
lysosome in plant cells
the lysosome is labeled ly at the bottom right
Microscope photo of lysosome
Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes are small vesicles that are found around the cell. They hold oxidative enzymes, absorb nutrients, and digest fatty acids and amino acids. this type of organelle is exclusive to animal cells.
microscope picture of peroxisome
peroxisome drawing
peroxisomes
Vacuole
Vacuoles are membrane bound sacs. They are found in both plant and animal cells, but they're larger in plant cells. In animal cells, they act like lysosomes. Their purpose is to store nutrients, break down waste, help the cell grow, and maintain the cells shape.
vacuole in animal cell
vacuole in plant cell
photo of vacuole in microscope
Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton is an organized network of proteins like microfilaments and microtubules in cytoplasm. Its purpose is to provide structure in cells. This organelle is found in both plant and animal cells.