The Anasazi constructed dams, ditches, and canals to trap rain from tops of mesa and channel to gardens on the canyon floor. Houses made of adobe and stone, were multi-storied, apartment-like structures ( they lived along walls of cliffs or large plazas). The heart of civilization in Chaco Canyon was Pueblo Bonito where there was a massive complex of over than 1000 people. From Pueblo Bonito they built roads for traveling networks. Craftsmen made turquoise jewelry, woven baskets, (black on white) pottery. Heavily influenced art and architecture of late groups such as Hopi and Zuni ( two of the largest Pueblo groups today). They were left perhaps from many droughts. The Adena lived in the Ohio valley region around 700 B.C. They grew squash, sunflowers, gourds and barley. Produces exquisite copper, jewelry and fine pottery. Elaborate burial mounds made up of log structures coved by piles of Earth. The Hopewell arrived in the Ohio vally around300 B.C. They built mounds and some were 40 feet high and 100 feet wide. Artifacts found suggest extensive TRADE networks. Adena and Hopewell both refered to as "Mound Builders." The Mississippians Arrived in the Mississippi vally by 800 A.D. They had plants that was used for alot of food and when added maize and beans had an increase in population. The increase in population caused a need for more land. More land resulted in numerous cities with up to 10,000 people-largest was Cahokia. In the center of the city of Cahokia's was a massive mound aproximatly 100 feet high base of more than 14 acres. Surrounding this massive mound were 120 mounds.