Operant Conditioning
TITLE - Using Operant Conditioning on Penny | AUTHOR - Michael Baker | SOURCE - Vimeo | LICENSE - free
TEACHER TALK : CC vs OC
TIPS TO REMEMBER CC V OC
In this section each day, I will introduce some study tips, mnemonics, confusing pairs, and tricky concepts in the AP Psych curriculum.
Punishment, reinforcement, positive, negative ... meet some of the most confused terms in all of psychology! Let me try to give you some tips that have worked for my students in the past.
When you hear POSITIVE and NEGATIVE... DO NOT THINK GOOD AND BAD! This will get you into a heap of trouble on the AP Exam. Rather here is what we are going to think ....
POSITIVE = ADDING
NEGATIVE = TAKING AWAY
REINFORCEMENT = ENCOURAGE
PUNISHMENT = DISCOURAGE
TIP: Students most confuse Negative reinforcement and Punishment ... if you stick to these key words listed above, you won't make that mistake! :)
By Unknown - http://ihm.nlm.nih.gov/images/B21072, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=19270394
INSTRUCT - How Do We Learn?
OPERANT CONDITIONING
Classical Conditioning was all about stimuli and responses.Operant Conditioning is all about reinforcement and punishment and how they can shape behavior. Reinforcements encourage behavior and Punishmentsdiscourage behavior.
B.F. Skinner is our key psychologist for operant conditioning. He developed a Skinner Box(pictured left - aka operant chamber) to examine the principles of operant conditioning. The Skinner Box had a lever that a small animal could press to release food, a food dispenser, a light and an electric grid at the feet. This allowed Skinner to deliver punishments (shocks) and reinforcements (food) in a controlled environment.
There is some key vocabulary for Operant Conditioning. These are all things Skinner could do to teach a rat to hold down a lever in his operant chamber.
Positive Reinforcement - giving something pleasurable to encourage behavior (ex. giving food to a rat to get him to hold down the lever)
Negative Reinforcement - taking away something unpleasurable to discouraging behavior (ex. removing shock from the rat's feet when he holds down a lever)
Positive Punishment - giving something unpleasurable to discourage a behavior (ex. shocking the rat when he stops holding the lever)
Negative Punishment - taking away something pleasurable to discourage a behavior. (ex. taking away food from the rat when it is not pushing the lever)
These can get confusing ... see more details in my "TIPS" section below to alleviate any confusion!
By Silly rabbit - self-made (by User:Silly rabbit). Updated in the Gimp by User:Michaelrayw2., CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3487621
New on TutorTalk!
Sleep: Getting it Better and Faster by Sofia M is a graphic for all of us, students and teacher, on how to get the sleep we need. As we learned in Sleep by Natalie M, sleep is critical to good health and learning, especially for teens.
MR Redder Extra Resources
https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/0B3c9SiIYalJTQWoyTUUyc01qYVE