Lung Cancer
By: Jin-Ting Zhao Pd. 5/6
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE CELLS?
Cancer Cells Dividing
Normal vs Lung Cancer
Signs of Lung Cancer
WHERE DOES LUNG CANCER GENERALLY AFFECT?
SYMPTOMS OF LUNG CANCER
COUGHING
BLOOD STREAKED MUCUS
CHEST PAIN
IF LUNG CANCER SPREADS TO OTHER AREAS IT MAY CAUSE:
BONE PAIN
CHANGES INN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
JAUNDICE
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF LUNG CANCER:
- Smoking
- Secondhand Smoking
- Cigar Smoking
- Expose to radon ( a radioactive gas that comes from the breakdown of uranium in the soil and rocks/;Bad air pollution
- Arsenic in Drinking Water
- Family History of Lung Cancer
WHAT CAN BE DONE TO PREVENT IT?
- Avoid the risk factors
- Try to stay away from smokers and tobacco
- Avoid radon
- Avoid Cancer-Causing chemicals
- Eat a healthy diet
- Exercise!!!!!
DIFFERENT TYPES OF LUNG CANCERS:
- Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
- 10-15% of lung cancers
- this type is the most aggressive and rapidly growing
- one risk factor is strongly related to cigarette smoking
2. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
- the most common lung cancer, about 85% of all cases
- has 3 main type of cells found in the tumor
* Adenocarcinomas- most common type of NSCLC (40% of most cases),
associated with smoking , a better prognosis than the other type of lung
cancers
* Squamous Cell Carcinomas- today it is 25-30% of all lung cancer cases,
occurs mostly in the central chest area in the bronchi. This type often
stays in the lungs
* Large Cell Carcinomas- AKA: Undifferentiated carcinomas, least common
type of NSCLC, 10-15% of all lung cancer cases, this type has a high
chance of spreading to the lymph nodes and distant sites
HOW LUNG CANCER IS TREATED:
FOR PEOPLE WITH NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER:
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Targeted Therapy- drugs or other substances to identify accurately and attack cancer cells
- Immunotherapy- boosts the body's natural defenses to fight the cancer
- Eat a better diet
- Exercise
- STOP smoking
FOR PEOPLE WITH SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER:
- Surgery- only if you are in healthy condition, not a good option if the cancer has already spread
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation Therapy
- STOP smoking
Cancers are very hard to cure.
HOW THE CANCER IS DIAGNOSED
- Imaging tests- X-ray image of the lungs may reveal abnormal findings
- Sputum Cytology- Cough with sputum (mixture of saliva and mucus), look at it under microscope and find the presence of lung cancer cells
- Biopsy - sample of abnormal cells removed for examination
STATISTICS AND WHO ARE MOST LIKELY TO GET LUNG CANCER
- The chance a man will develop lung cancer in his life time is 1 in 14 (including both smoker and non-smokers)
- The chance a woman will develop lung cancer in her life time is 1 in 17 (including both smoker and non-smokers)
- Smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer
- Black men are 20% more likely to get lung cancer than white men,
- The rate is 10% lower for black woman than in white woman
- About 1 out of 4 cancer deaths are from lung cancer.
- More people die of lung cancer than of colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined.
- Older people are more likely to get lung cancer
- About 2 out of 3 people diagnosed with lung cancer are 65 or older
- Less than 2% are younger than 45