Importance of Cell Division
Scientific Advances in Cell Division
By: Dakota Neumann
Cell Division
Interphase
- All cells start with interphase
- Longest phase of cell division
- G1- Gap 1: cell grows, prepares for DNA and chromosome(genes) replication
- Synthesis- DNA is replicated, gives two exact copies of sister chromatids("one half" of the duplicated chromosome)
- G2- Gap 2: Cells grow for division and organelles(organized/specialized structures in a cell) duplicate.
Early Prophase
- First step after interphase
- DNA and proteins(histones) condense and become visible
- Chromosomes and centrioles(small cylinder organisms) begin to move apart
- Nuclear envelope begins to disappear
Late Prophase
- Centrioles are on opposite sides of the nucleus
- Microtubules called spindle fibers begin to form
- Chromosome are in homologous pairs
- Nuclear envelope is gone
Metaphase
- Homologous pairs held by a centromere
- Kinetochore(centromere) allow spindle fibers to attach at the centromere
- Spindle fibers push and pull the homologous pairs to the metaphase plate(middle)
Anaphase
- Centromeres split and daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite ends of poles
- centrioles and spindle fibers pull the daughter chromosomes towards the poles
- Cytokinesis begins
What we have done with cell division
We have begun using electric waves to cause a cell to divide. We have learned that certain wavelengths can help promote cell division. We are also learning how to copy cells so that we can help promote growth of a organelles through the cell.