Classifying the Colonies
Brady Knippa - period 4
Jamestown
2. It was settled in 1607 in Virginia (Chesapeake region).
3. The British sent 144 upper class, younger men to colonize this region. The reason they sent younger sons was because of the principle of primogeniture, which meant that the older son of the family inherited everything while the younger son got nothing and had to find his own profession and place in life.
4. All 144 men died during the duration of the first winter, and the British kept sending over men.
5. Captain John Smith sailed over to Jamestown and completely reorganized the colony, but was eventually sent back to England due to powder burns - enter the Starvation Time. "Those who shall not work shall not eat."
6. John Rolfe came in 1612 and introduced tobacco, which established the plantation system, as well as a strong economic system. It became known as King Nicotine because of it's invasive nature.
7. The House of Burgesses was introduced by the London Company, which became a model for the House of Representatives.
8. Beginning in 1606 before the first settlers had even arrived, there were tensions between the English and the Native Americans, when the English ship was attacked. The Indians didn't have a system of land ownership, so the English came in and took it, which led to several Anglo-Powhatan wars. European firearm trade also led to Indian-on-Indian violence.
9. In 1614, Pocahontas (Powhatan) married John Rolfe (Anglo), and there was a time of peace between the two peoples.
10. In 1624, James I made Virginia a royal colony under his control.
Massachusetts Bay
2. In 1629, non-Separatist Puritans secured a royal charter to form the Massachusetts Bay Company, and established the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
3. In 1630, eleven vessels and a thousand immigrants set off for the newly formed colony.
4. John Winthrop - an attorney and manor lord in England - became the first governor, believing he had a calling from God to serve this role for religious purposes. He served as governor for nineteen years.
5. He helped the colony become a successful fur, fishing and shipbuilding industry, and of all the New England Colonies, Massachusetts Bay was the most successful outpost.
6. One of the main goals of the Colonists was to make Massachusetts Bay a Christian model society for the world, however, they were unsuccessful.
7. Boston soon became the hub of the colony.
8.King James revoked the charter in 1684, and established the Dominion of New England, making the colony under royal rule.
9. His rule collapsed in 1688 after the Glorious Revolution got rid of James. The colony continued to function under the revoked charter until 1692.
10. Sir William Phelps arrived with the Charter of the Province of Massachusetts Bay which combined the Massachusetts Bay territory and that of the Plymouth Colony.
Pennsylvania
2. Unlike a majority of the other colonies, Pennsylvania had better relationships between the anglos and the Native Americans.
3. Many of Penn's main goals were to try to liberal ideas and bring in a greater profit.
4. Pennsylvania was a peaceful and loving colony.
5. While Pennsylvania had no immigration restrictions, they were against black slavery.
6. The colony brought lots of economic opportunity, liberty and religious freedom to the colonists.
7. Due to the amount of liberal freedom, Pennsylvania had a lot of ethnic and religious diversity.
8. The colonial government was established in 1682 by Penn, and was called the Frame of Government. It consisted of the proprietor, a 72 member Provincial Council, and a General Assembly.
9. The Charter of Privileges was created in 1683.
10. Pennsylvania had no military, few taxes, and no public debt.
Maryland
2. The colony was in a healthier location than Jamestown, giving the colonists a longer life expectancy and more agricultural success.
3. Tobacco was the main crop, just like it was in Jamestown.
4. Lord Baltimore's plan was to rule Maryland as an absentee proprietor.
5. Maryland had a system of Feudalism, which was all about contracts of labor and bondage.
6. Lord Baltimore had control over the land and crops, but he had serfs working for him with promise of things such as land and part of the profits in return.
7. He granted large plots of land to his relatives, who were all Catholics. They then rented it and were known as serfs.
8. Maryland was known as a haven for Catholics, due to the fact that lord Baltimore permitted relative freedom of worship because he didn't want to repeat what happened with the persecution of the Catholics by the Protestants. This in turn aggravated the Protestants, causing many of them to threaten him and his colony.
9. The Toleration Act of 1649 was highly supported by the Catholics in Maryland and guaranteed toleration of all Christians religions and their people. However, it also decreed that those who failed to believe in Jesus were condemned to death.
10. Although the Toleration Act was passed and cured many issues, in some way, it made Maryland less tolerant than before.
Georgia
2. A group of philanthropists are the ones that launched the colony.
3. It was the last of the thirteen colonies to be established.
4. The purpose of Georgia was to act as a "buffer" between the Carolinas, Spanish Florida, and French Louisiana. In order to offset the cost, Georgia received subsidies from the British government.
5. Georgia's main exports were silk and wine.
6. The colony was a safe haven for debtors. It was also known as the "penal colony."
7. At first, Georgia was determined to keep slavery out of their colony, but by 1750, it found it's way in.
8. Georgia was mostly religiously diverse. Catholics were the only Christians that were not tolerated.
9. Missionaries for very common and worked with the debtors and Indians. Of the missionaries, John Wesley was the most famous because he founded the Methodist Church.
10. The port of Savannah was very successful in terms of trade and immigrants, and was known as a melting pot.